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19 protocols using cg tg k18 ace2 2prlmn j

1

Animal Protocols for COVID-19 Research

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Animal studies were carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. For studies (K18-hACE2 mice) at Washington University School of Medicine, the protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Washington University School of Medicine (assurance number A3381–01). Virus inoculations were performed under anesthesia that was induced and maintained with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine, and all efforts were made to minimize animal suffering. For studies with BALB/c mice, animal experiments were carried out in compliance with approval from the Animal Care and Use Committee of Moderna, Inc. Sample size for animal experiments was determined on the basis of criteria set by the institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Experiments were neither randomized nor blinded.
Heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J, Cat # 34860) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. BALB/c mice (strain: BALB/cAnNCrl, Cat # 028) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories. Animals were housed in groups and fed standard chow diets.
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2

Murine ACE2 Expression Model for COVID-19

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Male heterozygous K18-hACE c57BL/6 J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J, 10-weeks-old) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. Mice were housed in the animal facility at Tulane University School of Medicine. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Tulane University reviewed and approved all procedures for sample handling, inactivation, and removal from a BSL3 containment (permit number 3430 (#5)).
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3

Evaluating DxCell Technology for Detecting Active SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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To check if the DxCell technology can detect active infection in animal samples, we used a mouse model. Briefly, eight (8) heterozygous female K18-hACE c57BL/6J mice [strain 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2) 2Prlmn/J; The Jackson Laboratory] were infected intranasally using 50 μL of virus culture (5,000 PFU) per animal, following protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at SRI International (#20003), while three (3) mice were not infected (negative controls). Eight days postinfection (DPI-8), the mice were euthanized, and two oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from each animal (51 (link)). The swabs were immediately placed into collection tubes containing 500 μL of complete RPMI medium and transported to the BSL3 lab for processing. For each collected swab, the collection tube was vortexed for 10 to 15 s to release cells into the media before the swab was removed from the collection tubes. The collection tube was then centrifuged at 300 g for 5 min to collect cell pellets. The cell pellet was then resuspended into 50 μL of complete RPMI medium. In a 96-well plate, each sample (cells in 50 μL) was cocultured with 50 μL of 25,000 VHH-Ty1 DxCell in complete RPMI medium. The plate was incubated at 37°C for 24 h before Nluc activity was assessed using the Nano-Glo assay.
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4

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Anti-VEGF Therapy

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Heterozygous K18-hACE C57BL/6J mice (strain 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2) 2Prlmn/J) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory (strain 034860). Animals were housed in a group of fewer than five animals per cage and fed with a standard chow diet. Mice at 12 weeks old were intranasally administered with ‘wild-type’ SARS-CoV-2 virus at the dose of 1 × 102 plaque-forming units (p.f.u.) per mouse. SARS-CoV-2 viruses were isolated and expanded from clinical samples of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 obtained from G. McInerney’s group at the Karolinska Institute according to previously published protocols32 (link). A rabbit anti-mouse VEGF neutralizing antibody at a dose of 7.5 mg kg−1 (BD0801, Simcere Pharmaceutical Company) was intraperitoneally injected into each mouse every other day, starting at day 0 of SARS-CoV-2 infection. NIIgG-antibody-treated animals served as controls using the same treatment regimen. All animal experiments were terminated using a lethal dose of isoflurane. Syrian hamsters at 8 weeks old were purchased from Janvier Labs. SARS-CoV-2 viral particles at the dose of 1 × 106 p.f.u. were intranasally administrated into each hamster. Anti-VEGF and NIIgG treatment regimens, schedules and protocols were the same as those used in mouse studies.
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5

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Transgenic Mice

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All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care Use Committees at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School. Animals were kept in a specific pathogen free (SPF) environment. Hemizygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg (K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (75 (link)–77 (link)). Animals were housed in groups and fed standard chow diets. Sample sizes used are in line with other similar published studies (78 (link)).
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6

ACE2-Expressing Mice for COVID-19 Research

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All mice were treated in accordance with OSU Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines and approved protocols. C57BL/6 and hemizygous K18-hACE C57BL/6J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J) were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) and housed at OSU within an AALAC-accredited facility (University Laboratory Animal Resources, ULAR).
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7

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Transgenic Mice

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All experiments were performed in accordance with animal protocols approved by the University of California, Irvine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.8–16 week-old heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6 (strain: B6.Cg-Tg[K18-ACE2]2Prlmn/J) mice were obtained from Jackson Laboratory. Animals were housed by sex in single use disposable plastic cages and provided ad-libitum water. SARS-CoV-2 isolate USA-WA1/2020 was obtained from BEI. Mice were inoculated with between 104 and 105 PFU of SARS-CoV-2 in 10 μl of DMEM or sham inoculated. Inoculations were performed under deep anesthesia through an intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of ketamine and xylazine. Infected and uninfected mice were examined and weighed daily. Animals were euthanized early if they reached predetermined euthanasia criteria.
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8

Transgenic Mice Model for SARS-CoV-2 Research

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Heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6J mice (strain: 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J, Cat # 34860) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. Syrian hamsters were obtained from Charles River Laboratories and housed at Washington University. Animal studies were carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Washington University School of Medicine (assurance number A3381–01). Virus inoculations were performed under anesthesia that was induced and maintained with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine (mice) or isoflurane (hamsters), and all efforts were made to minimize animal suffering. Sample size for animal experiments was determined on the basis of criteria set by the institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Experiments were neither randomized nor blinded.
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9

Murine Models for SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6J mice (strain 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J, 34860) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. Syrian hamsters were obtained from Charles River Laboratories and housed at Washington University. Animal studies were performed in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Washington University School of Medicine (assurance number A3381-01). Virus inoculations were performed under anesthesia that was induced and maintained with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine (mice) or isoflurane (hamsters), and all efforts were made to minimize animal suffering. Sample sizes for animal experiments were determined on the basis of criteria set by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Experiments were neither randomized nor blinded. Mice were housed in groups of three to five, and hamsters were housed individually. Animals were maintained on a 12-h dark/12-h light cycle at an ambient room temperature of 21 °C (controlled within ±1 °C) and humidity of 50% (controlled within ±5%).
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10

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Mice

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C57BL/6 J and K18-hACE2 C57BL/6 J (strain 2B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J) mice (Jackson Laboratories, ME) were maintained and bred in a conventional animal facility. To produce neonatal heterozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6 J mice for the transmission experiments, C57BL/6 J females were bred with homozygous K18-hACE2 C57BL/6 J males. Pups were housed with their mother during all experiments. Experimental animals of both sexes were used in all experiments and grouped together for analysis. Animal experiments were performed in the Animal Biosafety Level 3 (ABSL3) facility of NYU Grossman School of Medicine (New York, NY), in accordance with its Biosafety Manual and Standard Operating Procedures. The study received ethical approval by the NYU Grossman School of Medicine Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) under IACUC protocol # IA18-00071 (Dittmann).
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