Styrene st

Styrene (St) and divinylbenzene (DVB) were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai China) and purified by passing them through a short neutral aluminum oxide column before use. Potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈, KPS), sodium borohydride (NaBH₄), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen peroxide (30% aqueous solution, H₂O₂) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Shanghai China and used as received. 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorostyrene was purchased from J&K and used as received. Bromopentafluorobenzene was purchased from TCI and used as received.

Sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SS; Adamas-beta) (Shanghai, China), N,N-methylenebis (acrylamide) (BIS; Adamas-beta) (Shanghai, China), sodium chloride (NaCl; Sinopharm) (Shanghai, China), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; J&K) (Shanghai, China), potassium persulfate (KPS; J&K) (Shanghai, China), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC; J&K) (Shanghai, China), 4-vinybenzyl chloride (CMS; J&K) (Shanghai, China), sodium borohydride (NaBH₄; Sinopharm) (Shanghai, China), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP; Meryer) (Shanghai, China), silver nitrate (AgNO₃; ACROS) (Tokyo, Japan), 2-hydroxy-40-hydroxyethoxy-2-methyl propiophenone (HMP; Ciba) (Basel, Switzerland), and methacryloyl chloride (MC; Adamas-beta) (Shanghai, China) were used without further purification. Styrene (St; Sinopharm) (Shanghai, China) was distilled under reduced pressure to remove the inhibitor. N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPA; Aladdin) (Shanghai, China) was recrystallized from hexane and stored in a dark environment at 4 °C. N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate (VBDC) was synthesized according to previous publications, and the specific steps will be explained in detail below [23 (link)].

3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) was purchased from WD Silicone Co., Ltd (Wuhan, China); N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), ammonium persulfate, triethylamine, PVP-K30, styrene (st) and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China) and used without further purification. SP were purchased from Ocean Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd (Qingdao, China). CRL (lyophilized powder, Type VII, 700 U/mg solid) and p-nitrophenyl palmitate (p-NPP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, USA). All other solvents or chemicals used were of analytic grade.