Fluorescein isothiocyanate phalloidin fitc phalloidin

Chemicals such as Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), l-Glutamine, Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), Trypsin-EDTA solution, Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution (10000 U/mL Penicillin, 10 mg/mL Streptomycin and 25 μg/mL Amphotericin B in 0.9 % normal saline for 100 X), MTT dye, Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), Trypan blue, Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS), Tris-EDTA, Propidium iodide (PI), Ribonuclease A (RNase A) and Triton X-100 were purchased from Himedia, India. Molecular probes, Fluorescein isothiocyanate-Phalloidin (FITC-Phalloidin), and 4′,6- diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were obtained from ThermoFisher Scientific, USA. DCFDA, 3,3′-dihexyloxacarcocyanine iodide (DiOC₆), Rotenone, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer, disodium phosphate (Na₂HPO₄) 25 % (v/v) glutaraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, osmium tetroxide, uranyl acetate, and lead citrate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, USA. The kits used in this study such as the SOD Assay kit and Epoxy Embedding Medium Kit were procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA (Cat. No.:19106 and Cat. No.: 45359-1EA-F respectively), and the ATP Determination kit was purchased from Thermo Scientific, USA (Cat. No.: A22066). The absolute ethanol used in this study is of HPLC grade (Commercial Alcohols, Greenfield Global, Canada). All the reagents and chemicals are of analytical grade.