All MR imaging was performed using a 1.5 Tesla GE whole body imaging system (
Horizon LX, GE Medical systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA). Processing and analyses of DTI data were performed using the FMRIB Software Library (FSL;
http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl). The diffusion tensor was calculated at an individual voxel level to generate FA images. A nonlinear registration algorithm implemented in the tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to perform a whole brain voxel-wise statistical analysis of FA data (5 (
link), 23 (
link), 24 (
link)).
The average FA values in the entire brain were extracted with the mask of the FA skeleton of each subject. The most probable anatomical localization of each cluster of group effects was determined based on the John Hopkins University (JHU) DTI-based white matter atlas provided by the FSL atlas tool. Among the clusters of group effects, those that fall within the fronto-temporal major association tracts, as defined in the JHU white matter tractography atlas, were considered as the regions of interest (ROIs). The FA values of these ROIs were extracted for further post-hoc analyses.
Details regarding MR image acquisition and processing are described in the
Supplementary Information.
Yoon S., Kim J., Musen G., Renshaw P.F., Hwang J., Bolo N.R., Kim J.E., Simonson D.C., Weinger K., Ryan C.M., Lyoo I.K, & Jacobson A.M. (2017). Prefronto-Temporal White Matter Microstructural Alterations 20 years after the Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Pediatric diabetes, 19(3), 478-485.