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Stata release 15

Manufactured by StataCorp
Sourced in United States

Stata release 15 is a statistical software package developed by StataCorp. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and visualization. Stata release 15 offers a wide range of statistical techniques, including regression analysis, survey data analysis, and panel data analysis.

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44 protocols using stata release 15

1

Statistical Analysis of Continuous and Categorical Data

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Data are presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR), for continuous variables and as number (percentage) for categorical variables. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA® release 15.1 (StataCorp LLC).
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2

Impact of COVID-19 Policies on Surgical Caseload

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Data were captured into an Excel spreadsheet for statistical analysis and imported into Stata release 15.1 (StataCorp, USA).
Counts of emergency and elective cases, adult, paediatric and neonatal ICU admissions, regional techniques and the number and ratio of theatre cancellations pre and post COVID-19 intervention policies were analysed. Percentages, together with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs), standard deviations (SDs), mean and median values, were obtained. The distribution of the data was assessed graphically, and measures of skewness and kurtosis were used to decide whether the data were parametric or nonparametric.
Analysis of the classification of procedures was done using descriptive statistics, and uniformly weighted moving averages of one lagged term, one forward term and the current term. A two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test was used to compare medians between the two periods. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The null hypothesis was that no change occurred in theatre output after restrictive theatre policies were implemented. The primary outcome was that there was a significant reduction in cases after the implementation of restrictive policies.
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3

Quantitative Lung Imaging in IPF

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All data are presented as the average value ± the SD of at least three independent measurements. Statistical analysis for animal studies and binding studies were performed by two factor ANOVA without replication analysis using Microsoft Excel. Significance was assigned for p values of <0.05. Difference in SUV between healthy volunteers and IPF patients was tested by an exact Wilcoxon ranksum test using Stata Release 15.1 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX). The correlation between left and right lungs was estimated by an average absolute-agreement intraclass correlation from a one-way random-effects model34 (link). Due to high degree of correlation between the two halves of the lungs, only the right ones were used to avoid the transplanted left lung of IPF-4.
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4

Driving Status and Health-Related Quality of Life

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First, stratified by problems (no problems; moderate/extreme problems) in the EQ-5D dimensions “mobility,” “self-care,” “usual activities,” “pain/discomfort,” and “anxiety/depression”, the driving status was described. Second, adjusting for various potential confounders, the association between the driving status and the EQ-5D dimensions were analyzed using logistic regressions (no problems; moderate/extreme problems). Moreover, multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the association between the driving status and the EQ-VAS. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05 and marginally significance was defined by 0.05 < p < 0.10. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata Release 15.1 (Stata Corp., College Station, Texas).
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5

Firearm Ownership and Attitudes

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We calculated weighted percentages and 95% CIs for each measure or cross-tabulation of measures in Stata, release 15.1 (StataCorp LLC) using the survey and weighting commands. Comparisons by firearm ownership status were conducted using the 2-sample t test within the framework of the weighted population. For ease of exposition and consistent with past research,16 (link) we collapsed “sometimes,” “usually,” and “always” appropriate and “somewhat” and “very” willing into single response categories for primary analyses; analogous results with all response options are available in eTables 1A and 1B of the Supplement. Analyses were conducted from October 2020 to February 2021. All statistical tests were 2-tailed, and statistical significance was set at P < .05.
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6

Sensitivity Analyses of Skin Cancer Risk

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To assess the impact of differences in methods with previous studies and between the two Spanish databases, four sensitivity analyses were performed. In BIFAP, an additional and broader case definition was considered, including all recorded skin cancer cases identified by codes and without any validation process. Additionally, cumulative duration was calculated similarly to the SIDIAP database, this is, regardless of the duration of the prescription. In SIDIAP socioeconomic status and alcohol abuse were further considered, as in BIFAP the former was not available and the information on the latter is scarce. Finally, the main analysis was conducted excluding ever users of amiloride in order to explore the specific contribution of this drug as it is the principal combination with HCTZ.
Secondary analyses were performed in BIFAP for other diuretics with suggested photosensitizing properties such as furosemide, indapamide, and amiloride 1 , but also for other antihypertensives (calcium-channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) 2 . These analyses were adjusted for HCTZ use.
All analyses were performed using STATA Release 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) and R 35 . The study was approved by the scientific committees of BIFAP and SIDIAP, as well as by the Ethics Committee of IDIAPJGOL.
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7

Meta-Analysis of Aortic Aneurysm and Diabetes

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ORs with CIs from the individual studies were combined visually in a Forest plot sorted by data sampling time. If the year of inclusion was not given, we used the year of publication (n = 4). If an OR was not available, we calculated crude ORs based on the prevalence of diabetes in people with and without an AAA (n = 18). We performed a subgroup analysis by stratifying before and after the millennium. The measure of consistency, I [2 (link)], was reported.
All analyses were performed using Stata® Release 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA).
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8

Ferumoxytol-Enhanced MRAC Effect on Organ SNR

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The mean signal to noise ratio of different organs measured on ferumoxytol-enhanced and unenhanced MRAC were compared. The effect of ferumoxytol-enhanced versus unenhanced MRAC on mean signal to noise ratio – as well as maximum and mean SUV of brain and 9 different organs – were predicted based upon a mixed-effects model with the organ as a covariate.
SUVmean and SUVmaximum of organs were normalized to SUVmean and SUVmaximum of the mediastinal blood pool as it is used as an internal standard within either the bw or bsa group [13 (link)-14 (link)]. Kolmogrov-Smirnov (KS) tests were conducted and quantile-quantile (QQ) plots were produced to show the equality of two (ferumoxytol and no ferumoxytol group) distributions for SUV. Sample size was determined primarily by availability. A power analysis indicated that sample sizes of 15 in each group would provide 98% power at a 5% error to detect an effect size of 1.5 standard deviations, and 78% power to detect an effect size of one standard deviation. All statistical analyses were done with Stata Release 15.1 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX), using a significance level of 0.05.
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9

Chronic Conditions and Pneumococcal Disease Risk

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The analysis was designed to examine the effects of chronic medical conditions at baseline on the subsequent occurrence of pneumococcal disease and determine if these effects differed between the age groups. We calculated the number of pneumococcal disease cases for each chronic medical condition during the observational period and estimated the incidence rates per 10 0,0 0 0 patient-years. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of each chronic medical condition for pneumococcal disease occurrence. Separate models were used to analyze patients in the following age groups: 0-18 years, 19-49 years, 50-64 years, and ≥65 years. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to examine the pneumococcal disease occurrence according to the number of chronic medical conditions in each patient (0 vs 1 vs 2 vs ≥3 conditions). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata Release 15.1 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas). Twotailed P values below 0.05 were considered significant.
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10

Predicting No-Show Appointments in Clinics

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We used Microsoft SQL Server 2016 for data linkage and extraction, Stata release 15 for statistical analysis, and Microsoft Excel 2016 for producing tables and figures. At first, we performed the univariate analysis and calculated no-show rates in each variable. Then, we used the multivariate logistic regression to calculate the AORs of missed appointments in each variable. Within each variable, the item with the minimal value served as the reference. For nonfirst appointments, we further built a logistic regression model with the personal attendance pattern of the previous three appointments and those variables having item(s) with an AOR > 1.5 in the previous regression model. In the current study, we set the heuristic threshold of effect size of AOR at 1.5 to select both statistical significance and clinical meaningful predictors in our model. The 95% CIs were calculated based on normal approximation to represent statistical significances. The adjusted no-show rates were calculated for appointments of each characteristic as they were average on all other characteristics. Those rates were interpreted as the predicted probabilities of missed appointments if they were average in all other respects. A two-tailed level of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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