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30 protocols using image station 4000mm pro

1

Quantitative Analysis of SDS-PAGE and Western Blots

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For the quantification of the bands in SDS-PAGE and Western blotting two methods were used:

Samples from each age were loaded and compared to a standard curve on the same membrane. The fluorescent signal was detected with a Typhoon 9410 Workstation (Typhoon 9410, Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA) and quantified with a commercially available image analysis program (ImageQuantTM TL, Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA).

All samples were loaded on the same membrane. The fluorescent signal was detected with a Kodak scanner (Kodak Image Station 4000 MM PRO) and quantified with a commercially available image analysis program (Kodak MI SE, Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA).

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2

ALA Metabolite Effects on RAW 264.7 and Peritoneal Macrophages

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RAW 264.7 cells seeded in 100 mm plates at a density of 5 × 105 cells/well and then after 12 h pre-incubated with different concentrations (1, 50 and 100 μM) of either ALA metabolites or dexamethasone (10 μM) for 3 h. For Immunoblot analysis of primary cells, mouse peritoneal macrophages were isolated and seeded in 60 mm plates. Then pre-treated with lower doses (100 nM and 400 nM) of ALA metabolites for 3 h. Cells were then stimulated with or without LPS (100 ng/ml) for next 24 h. Cells were harvested at the end of time point, pelleted down and stored at −80 °C for further use. Cell pellets were lysed in RIPA buffer containing 1x protease inhibitor at 4 °C. Protein estimation was done by Bradford method using BSA as standard. An equal amount of protein was loaded and separated on 8–15% SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane. Then membranes were blocked with 5% (w/v) fat-free dry milk in TBST for 1 h at room temperature followed by washing three times with TBST. Membranes were incubated with primary antibodies (0.5–1.0 μg/ml) for 12 h at 4 °C on a shaker incubator with gentle shaking followed by thrice washing with TBST. The membranes were then incubated with respective secondary antibodies conjugated with HRP. Signals were then detected with western lightning plus ECL kit (PerkinElmer) and captured on Kodak Imaging System (KODAK Image station 4000 mm Pro).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of XIAP in Ovarian Cancer

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The human ovarian cancer cells were lysed with RIPA lysis buffer (BioTeke, Beijing, China) 48 h after transfection. The protein concentration was determined using the bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, China). Heat-denatured protein samples (20 μg per lane) were separated and then were transferred to a PVDF membrane (Millipore, Bedford, MD, USA) by10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The membrane was incubated for 2 h at room temperature or incubated overnight at 4°C with a primary mouse polyclonal antibody against human XIAP (1 : 10 000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) or mouse monoclonal antibody against human β-actin (1 : 3000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and then was incubated for 1 h at room temperature with a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (1 : 5000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA). The bound antibody was assessed using enhanced chemiluminescence detection reagents (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA), and the band intensities were quantified using Kodak Image Station 4000MM Pro (Kodak, Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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4

Extracting and Quantifying Liver and Spleen Proteins

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Fish liver and spleen samples were manually dissected and immediately lysed in Tissue Extraction Reagent (Thermofisher, Milan, Italy) in the presence of protease inhibitors and phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktails 2 and 3; the lysates were centrifuged at 13,000×g for 30 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was collected and protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method. Extracted proteins were supplemented with 4x sample buffer, heated at 70°C for 10 min and run onto precast SDS-PAGE. Proteins were transferred on Immobilon-P membranes in 25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, 20% methanol (v/v), 0.1% SDS. Membranes were incubated overnight with primary antibodies against vitellogenin, FAM20C, beta actin. Primary antibodies (VTG and FAM20C) were used at 1:1000 or 1:5000 (beta-actin) dilution. HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies were used at a 1:3000 dilution. HRP Chemiluminescence signals were detected by Kodak Image Station 4000MMpro (Eastman Kodak, New Haven, CT) and analyzed with the Kodak Image software.
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5

Immunoblot Analysis of ER Stress Markers

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Cells were homogenized in hypotonic Tris buffer (10mM Tris, 0.2 mM MgCl2, PH 7.4) containing protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail using a probe sonicator, followed by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min at 4° C. The resultant supernatant was used for the immunoblot analysis. Protein concentration was quantified using protein assay reagent (Solarbio, Beijing, China). Equal amounts of protein were resolved by SDS-PAGE gel and electrotransferred to nitrocellular membranes. After blocking, membranes were blotted overnight at 4° C with primary antibodies. Primary antibodies used include anti phospho-eIF2-α (1:1,000, #3398, Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), anti-eIF2-α (1:1,000, #5324, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-ATF4 (1:1,000, ab85049, Abcam), anti-CHOP (1:1,000, #2895, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-caspase-3 (1:1000, #9662, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-cleaved-caspase-3 (1:1,000, #9664, Cell Signaling Technology), and anti-GAPDH (1:1,000, #5174, Cell Signaling Technology) antibodies. After incubation with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies, membranes were developed with enhanced chemiluminescence (Thermo Fisher Scientific) using KODAK Image Station 4000MM PRO. Membranes were reblotted with anti-GAPDH for normalization. Densitometric analysis of immunoblots was performed using Image J software.
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Markers

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Protein extracts (30 μg) from control, Mix. #8, Mix. #10, and Mix. #12 groups, were loaded on 12% SDS polyacrylamide gel. After SDS-PAGE, proteins from gels were electrotransfered in a Semi-Dry Trans-Blot Cell (Bio-Rad- USA) to a nitrocellulose membrane (Hybind ECL, GE healthcare, UK) using transfer buffer (25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, and 20% methanol). After an overnight incubation, in blocking buffer (2.5% skim milk, 2.5% glycerol, and 0.05% tween-20 in TBS) at 4ºC, the membrane was washed three times in TTBS (100 mM Tris–HCl, 0.9% NaCl, and 0.05% Tween-20, pH 7.5) for 10 min. It was then incubated for two hours in blocking buffer containing polyclonal antibodies against vimentin (1:5000, Abcam, UK), ferritin heavy chain (1:1000, Zist Fannavaran Sina, Iran), pyruvate dehydrogenase (1:25,000, GeneTex, UK), and monoclonal antibodies against N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1(NDRG1) (1:1000, Abcam, UK) and β-actin as a control protein (1 µg/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, UK). The membrane was then incubated with peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse and anti-rabbit IgG as secondary antibodies (1:1000, Razi Biotech, Iran). Subsequently, the immunoreactive bands were detected by ECL plus kit (GE healthcare, USA) using Kodak Image Station 4000MM Pro.
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7

Western Blot Protein Analysis Protocol

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Lysis buffer (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.) was used to prepare the tissue and cells, and protein concentrations were measured by Bradford's method (18 (link)). A total of 50 µg protein was placed in each lane of 12% SDS-PAGE (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.), and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.). Fat-free milk powder (5%) was used to block membranes, which was incubated in primary antibodies overnight at 4°C, and then with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.). A electrochemiluminescent reagent (Pharmacia Corp., Basking Ridge, NJ, USA) was used to detect signals and the Kodak Image Station 4000MM Pro (Kodak, Rochester, NY, USA) was used for analyzing and recording.
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8

Protein Extraction and Analysis

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Cells were either treated with inhibitor or DMSO (vehicle) and lysed in RIPA buffer (Solarbio, Beijing, China) supplementing Halt protease/phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, USA) for 30 min on ice and centrifuged at 12,000g for 15 min at 4 °C. Protein concentrations were determined using BCA assay (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Lysates (150–250 μg) were electrophoretically resolved by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and probed with the primary antibodies. Proteins were visualized by the use of Super Signal West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate (Pierce Biotechnology) and detected on a Kodak Image Station 4000MM Pro (New Haven, CT, USA).
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9

Quantitative Western Blot Analysis

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Protein concentration of cell lysates was measured by BCA protein assay (Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit, 23225 Thermo-Fisher Scientifics, Waltham, MA, USA). An amount of 10 μg of proteins was loaded in each lane of 4–12% Bis-Tris NuPAGE gels (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and separated according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to PVDF membranes (IPVH00010, Immobilon -P (PVDF), Merck Millipore, Merck Life Science, Madrid, Spain) for 2 h. Membranes were blocked in 5%milk for 1 h and then incubated in the appropriate primary antibodies (diluted in Superblock solution, Thermo-Fisher Scientifics, Waltham, MA, USA) overnight. Bands were visualized after incubation with the respective horseradish peroxidase-linked secondary antibodies using Enhanced Chemiluminescence (ECL) in the digital imaging system Kodak Image Station 4000MM PRO. Then, bands were quantified using the ImageJ software (v. 1.52, NIH, https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/index.html accessed on 21 May 2022).
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10

Western Blot Analysis Protocol

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Western blotting was performed as previously described [24 (link)] using primary antibodies indicated in Table 1. HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:2000) were from Cell Signalling Technology. Immunoreactive bands were revealed by enhanced chemiluminescence (SuperSignal™ West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate kits, Thermo Scientific) and visualized by the KODAK Image Station 4000MM PRO. Band intensities were quantified by scanning densitometry (Gel-Doc2000, Bio-Rad) and analyzed with Quantity One™ (Bio-Rad).
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