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Emxnano spectrometer

Manufactured by Bruker
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Sourced in Germany, United States

The EMXnano is a compact and sensitive benchtop electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer designed for routine measurements. It features a state-of-the-art microwave bridge and a high-performance magnet system to provide reliable and reproducible data.

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Lab products found in correlation

K alpha, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Ultimate 3000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Toc 2000, by Metash (1 mentions) Annexin 5 magnetic microbeads kit, by Miltenyi Biotec (1 mentions) Gemini 300, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Jem f200 electron microscope, by JEOL (1 mentions) Uv 3600, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) Nicolet is50 ftir spectrometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Asap 2460, by Micromeritics (1 mentions) Er 4122 shq resonator, by Bruker (1 mentions) Emxmicro spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) Itc 502 temperature controller, by Oxford Instruments (1 mentions)

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Bruker spectrometers (71 citations) EMXnano (22 citations) EMXnano benchtop spectrometer (2 citations)

14 protocols using emxnano spectrometer

1

Phenol Analysis by HPLC and Reactive Species Identification

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The concentration of phenol was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Ultimate 3000, Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) with a DAD detector at the wavelength of 270 nm and a reversed-phase column (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA, C18, 5 µm, 4.6 × 250 mm). The mobile phase was composed of methanol and water (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, an injection volume of 20 μL, and a column temperature of 30 °C. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis was conducted using a Bruker EMXnano spectrometer to identify the generated reactive species. DMPO was applied as the spin-trapping agent for SO4·− and ·OH, and TEMP was selected as the spin-trapping agent for detecting 1O2. Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis was determined using a Multi N/C 3100 TOC analyzer.
Tang D., Lu L., Luo Z., Yang B., Ke J., Lei W., Zhen H., Zhuang Y., Sun J., Chen K, & Sun J. (2022). Heteroatom-Doped Hierarchically Porous Biochar for Supercapacitor Application and Phenol Pollutant Remediation. Nanomaterials, 12(15), 2586.
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2

CW EPR Spectroscopy of A2 and B2

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The room temperature cw EPR spectrum of the 35 µM A2 and B2 were recorded at X-band frequencies on a Bruker EMXnano spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany) with a microwave power of 10 mW, a modulation frequency of 100 kHz, a modulation amplitude of 1.0 G, a microwave frequency of 9.641 GHz, and 1300 points in the field interval 337.9–350.9 mT.
Wuebben C., Blume S., Abdullin D., Brajtenbach D., Haege F., Kath-Schorr S, & Schiemann O. (2019). Site-Directed Spin Labeling of RNA with a Gem-Diethylisoindoline Spin Label: PELDOR, Relaxation, and Reduction Stability. Molecules, 24(24), 4482.
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3

Characterizing Aqueous Ca(OH)2-H2O2 Solutions

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For pH measurements, 250 µL of Ca(OH)2–H2O2 aqueous solutions was prepared immediately before measurements. A pH meter F-74 equipped with a 9618S electrode (Horiba, Kyoto, Japan) was operated at room temperature.
For electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, Ca(OH)2 aqueous solutions and H2O2 aqueous solutions were mixed to prepare 0.1% Ca(OH)2–0.1% H2O2 solutions before incubation at room temperature for 1, 10, and 60 min. Fifty microliters of the mixtures were mixed with 10 µL of a radical trapping agent, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide. An EMX-nano spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) was operated at 9.65 GHz microwave frequency, 10 mV microwave power, and 5 scans.
Hata Y., Bouda Y., Hiruma S., Miyazaki H, & Nakamura S. (2022). Biofilm Degradation by Seashell-Derived Calcium Hydroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide. Nanomaterials, 12(20), 3681.
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4

Comprehensive Microstructural and Optoelectronic Characterization

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The microstructure and morphologies were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD, XRD-6100), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCALAB 250Xi), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Zeiss Sigma) and transmission electron microscope (TEM, Tecnai G220 S-TWIN). Light absorption property was evaluated by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS, UV-2550). Photoluminescence (PL) spectra (excitation at 320 nm) were implemented on a spectrophotometer (ZolixLSP-X500A). The surface specific areas of the samples were measured by N2 isothermal adsorption–desorption spectroscopy (Autosorb-Iq2, Quantachrome). Photoelectrochemical tests were performed on an electrochemical station (CHI660E) three-electrode cell system using 500 W Xe lamp as light source. The total organic carbon (TOC) measures were performed on a TOC analyser (TOC-2000, Metash). Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra were acquired using an EMXnano spectrometer (Bruker).
Li J., Chen Y., Zhu L., Liao L., Wang X., Xu X., Qiu L., Xi J., Li P, & Duo S. (2022). In situ fabrication of a novel CdS/ZnIn2S4/g-C3N4 ternary heterojunction with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance. RSC Advances, 12(50), 32480-32487.
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5

Apoptosis Quantification in H9c2 Cells

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To determine the apoptosis in cultured H9c2 cells, we used EPR based annexin-V-paramagnetic iron detection assay method using annexin-V magnetic microbeads kit from Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Germany (Cat. No. 130–090-201). After treating cells with daunomycin, they were trypsinized, washed with 1x annexin-V binding buffer supplied by the manufacturer. Then the cells were incubated in 100 μL of annexin-V microbead suspension and incubated at 2–4°C for 20 minutes. At the end of incubation period, cells were loaded in a capillary tube and the annexin-V bound to cells was quantified by measuring conjugated iron spins using Bruker EMX Nano spectrometer at room temperature. EPR spectra were acquired under following scan conditions: microwave frequency, 9.63 GHz; power, 0.32 mW; attenuation 25 dB; modulation frequency, 100 kHz; modulation amplitude, 4.00 G; sweep time, 60 s; time constant, 20.48 s; receiver gain, 40 dB; magnetic field, 1610–4610 G. Absolute spin counts from spectra were calculated using Quantitative EPR module of Bruker Xenon Nano 1.3 software.
Das K.C., Muniyappa H., Kundumani-Sridharan V, & Subramani J. (2020). Thioredoxin decreases anthracycline cardiotoxicity, but sensitizes cancer cell apoptosis. Cardiovascular toxicology, 21(2), 142-151.
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6

Comprehensive Material Characterization Protocol

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Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were taken on a transmission electron microscope (ZEISS Gemini 300). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were recorded on a JEOL JEM F200 electron microscope operating at 200 kV. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential were evaluated by using a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 equipment (Malvern Instruments, UK). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were scanned on a Thermo Nicolet iS50 FTIR spectrometer in the range of 400–4000 cm−1. UV–vis absorption spectra was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (UV-3600 Shimadzu, Japan). The X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (XPS) spectra were recorded with a spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific K-Alpha). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) approach (ASAP 2460, Micromeritics, USA) was used to investigate the surface area and pore size distributions of the samples. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy spectrums were obtained from a Bruker EMXnano Spectrometer.
Hu H., Deng X., Song Q., Yang W., Zhang Y., Liu W., Wang S., Liang Z., Xing X., Zhu J., Zhang J., Shao Z., Wang B, & Zhang Y. (2021). Mitochondria-targeted accumulation of oxygen-irrelevant free radicals for enhanced synergistic low-temperature photothermal and thermodynamic therapy. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 19, 390.
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7

Room Temperature CW-EPR Spectroscopy

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CW-EPR spectra were recorded at room temperature in ambient air on a Bruker EMXnano spectrometer fitted with an X-band microwave bridge. All spectra were recorded at 9.61 GHz with 10 mW microwave power and 5 G modulation amplitude, 100 kHz modulation frequency, 25 scans.
Hinman A., Holst C.R., Latham J.C., Bruegger J.J., Ulas G., McCusker K.P., Amagata A., Davis D., Hoff K.G., Kahn-Kirby A.H., Kim V., Kosaka Y., Lee E., Malone S.A., Mei J.J., Richards S.J., Rivera V., Miller G., Trimmer J.K, & Shrader W.D. (2018). Vitamin E hydroquinone is an endogenous regulator of ferroptosis via redox control of 15-lipoxygenase. PLoS ONE, 13(8), e0201369.
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8

Continuous-wave EPR Spectroscopy of Aβ Globulomers

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Approximately 15 μL of Aβ globulomer samples were loaded into glass capillaries (VitroCom) sealed at one end. Continuous-wave EPR spectra were collected using a Bruker EMXnano spectrometer at X-band at room temperature. A microwave power of 15 mW and a modulation frequency of 100 kHz were used. Modulation amplitude was optimized for each individual sample. Scan width was 100 G.
Yoon A., Zhen J, & Guo Z. (2021). Segmental structural dynamics in Aβ42 globulomers. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 545, 119-124.
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9

Sorafenib Scavenging of Superoxide

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The scavenging properties of Sorafenib were evaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) using the spin probe CMH (100 μM) and spin trap DMPO (100 mM) to monitor O2•- formation. The xanthine (50 μM) and xanthine oxidase (5 mU/mL) system was used to generate ROS for 30 min. The formation of the radicals was monitored using bench-top EMXnano spectrometer (Bruker, Massachusetts, USA). Deferoxamine (25 μM) was added when required in order to prevent Fenton reaction.
González R., Rodríguez-Hernández M.A., Negrete M., Ranguelova K., Rossin A., Choya-Foces C., Cruz-Ojeda P.D., Miranda-Vizuete A., Martínez-Ruiz A., Rius-Pérez S., Sastre J., Bárcena J.A., Hueber A.O., Padilla C.A, & Muntané J. (2020). Downregulation of thioredoxin-1-dependent CD95 S-nitrosation by Sorafenib reduces liver cancer. Redox Biology, 34, 101528.
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10

EPR Measurements at X-band and Q-band Frequencies

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The room temperature cw EPR measurements were performed at X-band frequencies (~9 GHz) either on a Bruker (Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany) EMXmicro spectrometer equipped with an ER 4122SHQ resonator or on a Bruker EMXnano spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany) as stated in the respective figure captions.
The pulsed EPR measurements were conducted at Q-band frequencies (33.7 GHz) on a Bruker (Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany) ELEXSYS E580 EPR spectrometer (equipped with an ER 5106QT-II resonator and a 150 W TWT-amplifier (Applied Systems Engineering, Fort Worth, TX, USA). All data was acquired using quadrature detection. The temperature was adjusted to the appropriate value (between 50 K and 80 K) using a CF935 helium gas-flow cryostat (Oxford Instruments, Abingdon, UK) in conjunction with an Oxford Instruments ITC 502 temperature controller.
More detailed description of all methods and procedures can be found in the Supporting Information.
Jassoy J.J., Heubach C.A., Hett T., Bernhard F., Haege F.R., Hagelueken G, & Schiemann O. (2019). Site Selective and Efficient Spin Labeling of Proteins with a Maleimide-Functionalized Trityl Radical for Pulsed Dipolar EPR Spectroscopy. Molecules, 24(15), 2735.
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