Spectraflash sf600 plus ct spectrophotometer

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) reflectance absorption spectra were obtained from a Varian Cary 5000UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer with a diffuse reflectance accessory (DRA-2500). The morphologies of fibers were observed on a Supra 55 VP field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). A Datacolor Spectraflash SF600 Plus-CT spectrophotometer was used for the measurement of color strength (K/S). A YG902 Fangyuan UV measurement system was used for testing the UV-blocking properties. The light irradiation test was conducted with a Suntest instrument (SUNTEST XLS+ from Atlas Material Testing Technology LLC). The temperature of the coloration process was monitored by an instrument equipped with needle-type temperature probes (from ICT SFM, a sap flow meter produced by ICT international Pty. Ltd.). X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were collected from fabrics on a Panalytical X’Pert Powder instrument using a CuKa radiation source (λ = 1.54181 Å). Rubbing color fastness was tested by a Gellowen G238BB electronic crockmeter instrument.

The UV-vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra of fibers were recorded by a Varian Cary 5000 UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer with a diffuse reflectance accessory (DRA-2500). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements were performed with a Supra 55 VP field emission SEM. The color strength (K/S) of ramie fibers/fabrics with noble metal nanoparticles was calculated using the Kubelka–Munk equation as follows: $\mathit{K}/\mathit{S}=\frac{{\left(1-R\right)}^2}{2R}$ where K is the absorption coefficient of the substrate, S is the scattering coefficient of the substrate, and R is the reflectance of the fibers/fabrics at maximum absorption, measured using a Datacolor Spectraflash SF600 Plus-CT spectrophotometer. Heating reaction was performed in a Ratek shaking water bath. A Varian AA-140 atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed to analyze the concentration of silver and gold ions.