Rp 18 f254 tlc plates

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 6-hydroxyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), riboflavin, hydrogen peroxide (30%, H₂O₂), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), fluorescein, Folin–-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent, quercetin, gallic acid, chloroform-d, acetone-d₆ and methanol-d were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). pBR322 plasmid DNA was purchased by Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Silica gel (230–400 mesh), NP F254 and RP-18 F254 TLC plates were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Spherical C18 100 Å reversed phase silica gel (particle size: 20–40 μm) was obtained from SILICYCLE (Ville de Québec, QC, Canada). Sodium hydroxide, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, disodium dehydrate (EDTA), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄), sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), sodium carbonate anhydrous (Na₂CO₃), aluminium chloride (AlCl₃), methanol, acetone, ethylacetate, chloroform and n-hexane were purchased from Duksan Co. (Gyenggi, Korea).

Optical rotations were measured in a JASCO P-2000 polarimeter (JASCO International Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). IR data were recorded on a Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Electron Corp., Waltham, MA, USA). NMR data were analyzed using an AVANCE 500 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) or a JNM-ECA 600 MHz spectrometer (Jeol, Japan). HRESIMS values were analyzed using an Agilent Technologies 6130 Quadrupole LC/MS spectrometer equipped with an Agilent Technologies 1260 Infinity LC system (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) and an INNO C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm particle size, 12 nm, J.K.Shah & Company, Korea). Silica gel (particle size: 63−200 μm) and RP-C₁₈ (particle size: 40–63 μm) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and Sephadex LH-20 from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) were used for column chromatography (CC). Silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ and RP-18 F₂₅₄ TLC plates were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). A Gilson HPLC purification system, equipped with an Optima Pak C₁₈ column (10 × 250 mm, 10 μm particle size; RS Tech, Seoul, Korea), was used at a flow rate of 2 mL/min and UV detection at 205 and 254 nm.