Biological shaker

Mole fraction solubility of AHF in three different room temperature ionic liquids (BMMHFP, HMMHFP, and OMMHFP), transcutol-HP, and water was determined by shake flask method [29 (link),30 (link)]. The solubility of AHF in these solvents was measured at T = 298.2 K, 303.2 K, 308.2 K, 313.2 K, and 318.2 K under atmospheric pressure. In brief, excess amount of AHF drug was dispersed in each investigated solvents enclosed in screw capped glass flask. Each AHF solution mixture was kept on a biological shaker (Julabo, Allentown, PA, USA) for shaking at 100 rpm for 72 h to reach equilibrium. After complete saturation of AHF in each solvents, sample was taken from shaker and kept to sediment the drug particles [17 (link)]. Then, required volume of supernatant samples were withdrawn, filtered and analyzed the AHF after suitable dilution with respective solvents by UV spectrophotometry at 280 nm [26 (link)]. Each experiments were done in triplicate.
Mole fraction solubilities of AHF (x_e) were calculated with the help of Equation (11) [30 (link)].
$x_{\mathrm{e}}= \frac{m_1/M_1}{m_1/M_1+m_2/M_2}$
Here, m₁ and m₂ represents the masses of AHF and solvents used, respectively. M₁ and M₂represent the molar masses of AHF and solvents used, respectively.

Using a Digital Analytical Balance (Mettler Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland) with a sensitivity of 0.10 mg, all {TP (1) + water (2)} combinations were created on a mass basis. The mass fraction of TP used to make various {TP (1) + water (2)} compositions ranged from 0.10–0.90. Three replicates of each {TP (1) + water (2)} composition were made.
Using a standard shake-flask method [32 ], the mole fraction solubility of CNZ against the mass fraction of TP (w₁ = 0.0–1.0; w₁ is TP mass fraction in {TP (1) + water (2)} compositions) and pure solvents was tested from 293.2–313.2 K and at 0.1 MPa in various {TP (1) + water (2)} mixtures and pure solvents. Extra CNZ crystals were mixed with known amounts of each {TP (1) + water (2)} composition and neat solvents. Three repetitions of each experiment were carried out. Inside the Biological Shaker (Julabo, PA, USA), the acquired samples were saturated for three days to achieve equilibrium. After reaching equilibrium, the saturated samples were withdrawn from the shaker and centrifuged at 5000 rpm. The supernatants were withdrawn, diluted (wherever applicable), and used for the estimation of CNZ content using a reported HPLC method at 253 nm [12 (link)]. The mole fraction solubilities (x_e) of CNZ were calculated using their standard formulae [20 (link),33 (link)].