Aeroperl 300

LUM (Figure 1A) was obtained from Hangzhou Dayangchem. Co. Limited, (Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China), whereas ART (Figure 1B) was a gift from Ipca Laboratories Ltd. (Charkop, India). Precirol^® ATO 5 and Transcutol^® HP (PT) were donated by Gattefossé, St Priest, France. Phospholipon^® 90G (P90G) was a gift from Phospholipid GmbH, Köln, Germany, while Poloxamer^® 188 and Solutol^® HS 15 (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) were also received as donations. Other ingredients used were Polysorbate^® 80 (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), colloidal silicon dioxide (Aeroperl^® 300, Degussa, Hanau, Germany), microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel^® PH 102, FMC Biopolymer, PA, USA), and magnesium stearate (Peter Greven Fett Chemie, Muenstereifel, Germany). Tallow fat was obtained from a batch processed at the Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka. The biorelevant media, simulated gastric fluid (SGF) (pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) (pH 6.8), were prepared without pepsin and pancreatin, respectively. Distilled water was used throughout the study.

CZL was kindly supplied by Pharco Pharmaceutical Inc (Alexandria, Egypt). Polyglycolized glycerides (Maisine^® 35-1, Labrafil^® M 1944 CS, Transcutol^® P, Capryol^® 90 [CP], Lauroglycol^® 90 [LG], Labrafac^®, and Solubilisant Gamma^® 2429 [SG]) were kindly donated by Gattefossé (Nanterre, France). Butyl lactate (BL), Triacetin, Ethyl oleate, and Ethyl caprylate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA) and Miglyol^® 812 from Sasol (Hamburg, Germany). Aerosil^® 200 and Aeroperl^® 300 (amorphous and granular silicon dioxide) were from Degussa (Marl, Germany). Acetonitrile high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade from Romil Ltd (Cambridge, England). Avicel PH 101 (microcrystalline cellulose) from JRS (Rosenberg, Germany). Absolute ethanol (propanol) from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Propylene glycol from Al Gomhuria Medicine Trade Co. (Cairo, Egypt). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.