Whole body CT-scan acquisitions were obtained using a 64 HiSpeed spiral scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) after monophasic injection of monoionic contrast agent (Xenetix® 300; Guerbet, France). The typical CT parameters were: smooth convolution Kernel, 2 mm slice thickness, 1.4 mm slice interval, 0.7 s exposure time per rotation, tube current of 225 mAs, and 120 kVP.
Xenetix 300
Manufactured by Guerbet
Sourced in France, Germany
Xenetix 300 is a non-ionic, water-soluble, iodinated contrast medium used for radiographic procedures. It is a clear, colorless to pale yellow solution containing 300 mg of organically bound iodine per milliliter.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
256 slice ct scanner, by Philips (2 mentions)
Somatom force, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Brilliance ict, by Philips (2 mentions)
64 hispeed spiral scanner, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Somatom definition flash 128, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Brilliance 64, by Philips (1 mentions)
Somatom sensation 16, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Somatom definition, by Siemens (1 mentions)
O arm, by Medtronic (1 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Ge discovery 750 hd, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Somatom drive, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Brivo ct 385, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Buscopan, by Boehringer Ingelheim (1 mentions)
Omnipaque, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Mark 5 provis, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Selenia dimension, by Hologic (1 mentions)
Medrad stellant, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Discovery ls, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Advance nxi, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
16 protocols using xenetix 300
1
Whole-Body CT-Scan Protocol with Contrast
2
CT Angiography Protocol for EVAS
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All pre-and post-EVAS CT scans were acquired as part of regular protocols on a 256-slice CT scanner (Philips Healthcare, Eindhoven, the Netherlands) with acquisition parameters of 120-kV tube potential, 200-mA⋅s tube current time product, 0.75-mm increment, 0.9-mm pitch, 125×0.625-mm collimation, and 1.5-mm slice spacing. Contrast medium (Xenetix 300; Guerbet, France) was administered intravenously in the arterial phase using bolus triggering a rate of 4 mL/s before (100 mL) and after (60 mL) EVAS.
3
Optimized Protocols for Comprehensive Urinary Tract Imaging
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All CTU examinations were performed using various CT scanners from 16-channel to 128-channel MDCT scanners (Somatom Sensation 16, Siemens Healthcare, Brilliance 64, Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands or Somatom Definition Flash 128, Siemens Healthcare Forchheim, Germany). Scanning parameters of the most frequently used CT scanner (Brilliance 64, Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands) were as follows: tube voltage, 120 kVp; effective tube current, 300 mAs; section thickness, 5 mm; pitch and speed, 0.891:1; rotation time, 0.75 s and collimation, 64 × 0.625 mm for 64-channel MDCT. Before acquisition of contrast-enhanced scans, simple unenhanced scans were obtained, after which 2 ml kg–1 non-ionic contrast material containing 300–350 mg ml−1 of iodine [iomeprol (Iomeron 300, Bracco Altana Pharma, Konstanz, Germany), iopamidol (Pamiray 300, Dongkook Pharmaceutical, Seoul, Republic of Korea) or iobitridol (Xenetix 300, Guerbet, Villepinte, France)] was intravenously administered at a rate of 3.0 ml s−1 using a standard power injector. For CTU, in addition to the unenhanced scan, two-phase studies were performed with combinations of corticomedullary and excretory phases at our institution. The corticomedullary phase began 30–40 s after contrast administration, and excretory phases began 300 s after contrast administration, respectively.
4
Comparative Joint Imaging Modalities
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The CBCT scanner used in the present study was designed and FDA-approved for use in a surgical environment (O-arm®, Medtronic Inc.). The MDCT scans were performed using a helical 16-slice MDCT scanner (Somatom® Definition AS Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). For the CBCT investigation, 120 kV, 64 mAs, and field of view (FOV) 20 cm were used. The MDCT acquisition parameters were 130 kV, 173 mAs, 0.75 mm slices, FOV of 25.5 cm, soft tissue and bone algorithm.
Each metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joint was scanned with both modalities, the CBCT and the MDCT. For all scans, limbs were positioned in dorsal recumbency. First, a native scan was generated with each modality. Subsequently, arthrograms were performed for each metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joint and the imaging procedure was repeated. For the arthrograms, each joint was injected through a dorsal approach and with a 20-G needle (Stercan®, Braun). A 1:1 mixture of contrast medium containing iobitridol (Xenetix® 300, Guerbet, Sulzbach, Germany) and isotonic saline solution 0.9% (Braun Ecofl from B. Braun Melsungen AG) was injected until the joint was ballooned (volume 20 mL). To achieve an even distribution of the injected contrast solution, each joint was flexed 20 times.
Each metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joint was scanned with both modalities, the CBCT and the MDCT. For all scans, limbs were positioned in dorsal recumbency. First, a native scan was generated with each modality. Subsequently, arthrograms were performed for each metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joint and the imaging procedure was repeated. For the arthrograms, each joint was injected through a dorsal approach and with a 20-G needle (Stercan®, Braun). A 1:1 mixture of contrast medium containing iobitridol (Xenetix® 300, Guerbet, Sulzbach, Germany) and isotonic saline solution 0.9% (Braun Ecofl from B. Braun Melsungen AG) was injected until the joint was ballooned (volume 20 mL). To achieve an even distribution of the injected contrast solution, each joint was flexed 20 times.
5
Dual-Energy CT Angiography Protocol
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DE-CTA examinations were performed on a single-tube DE-CT scanner (Discovery CT750 HD; GE Healthcare, Chicago, Ill) with rapid kilovoltage peak switching (140 and 80 kVp), tube current of 630 mA, pitch of 1.375, rotation time of 0.5 s and collimation of 64 × 0.625 mm. Intravenous iodinated contrast material (1.0 ml/kg of iobitridol - Xenetix 300; Guerbet, Villepinte, France) was infused at 4.0 ml/sec, followed by a 50 ml saline flush at 5.0 ml/sec. A region of interest (ROI) was placed over the pulmonary artery at the level of the carina and acquisition in caudo-cranial direction started seven seconds after attenuation in the ROI achieved 100 HU.
6
Chest CT Quantification of COVID-19 Pneumonia
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Chest CT was performed on three multidetector CT scanners: Siemens Somatom Force (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany), Siemens Somatom Drive and a GE Discovery 750 HD (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, MI). All patients underwent CT scanning of the chest in the supine position during end‐inspiration. Seven patients had chest CT without intravenous contrast medium and one patient with intravenous contrast medium (iobitridol, Xenetix® 300, Guerbet Laboratories, Roissy, France). Slice thickness for all scanners was between 0.625 and 1.25 mm. HD lung (GE Healthcare) kernel, pulmonary Br59F kernel (Siemens Somatom Drive) or pulmonary BI57d (Siemens Somatom Force) were applied. In four patients, at the same time, a CT pulmonary angiogram was performed for the clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism.
To quantify pulmonary involvement on chest CT, Syngo.via CT Pneumonia software analysis program (Siemens Healthineers) was used. Chest CT findings were described according to international standard nomenclature defined by the Fleischner Society glossary.13 (link) All CT images were reviewed by two expert pulmonary radiologists at the same time in the same sessions. Decisions were reached by consensus.
To quantify pulmonary involvement on chest CT, Syngo.via CT Pneumonia software analysis program (Siemens Healthineers) was used. Chest CT findings were described according to international standard nomenclature defined by the Fleischner Society glossary.13 (link) All CT images were reviewed by two expert pulmonary radiologists at the same time in the same sessions. Decisions were reached by consensus.
7
Diagnostic Liver CT Protocol
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A diagnostic 4-phase CT of the liver using 100 ml Xenetix300 (Guerbet, Villepinte, France) is subsequently performed, using a beam current of 175-220mAs per slice. First, a precontrast scan is run, followed by the arterial phase using a bolus-tracking method and a 80 keV scan to ensure optimal arterial enhancement
[20 (link)]. During the venous phase, 70 sec post-injection, the entire abdomen is scanned, followed by a scan of the liver in the late venous phase (240 sec post-injection), both at 120 keV. The images are reconstructed using a matrix of 512X512 and a slice thickness of 3–5 mm. All images are sent to a digital picture archive and communication system (PACS; Sectra AB, Linköping, Sweden).
[20 (link)]. During the venous phase, 70 sec post-injection, the entire abdomen is scanned, followed by a scan of the liver in the late venous phase (240 sec post-injection), both at 120 keV. The images are reconstructed using a matrix of 512X512 and a slice thickness of 3–5 mm. All images are sent to a digital picture archive and communication system (PACS; Sectra AB, Linköping, Sweden).
8
Splenoportography Imaging Technique
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For splenoportography the patient was placed in dorsal recumbency on the table of a biplane fluoroscopy system (Bicor HS, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). Under ultrasonographic guidance a 20 gauge venous catheter was inserted percutaneously into the splenic parenchyma. Contrast medium (Xenetix® 300, Guerbet, Sulzbach, Germany) was administered manually into the spleen (300 mg Iodine/kg body weight), at a flow rate of approximately 2 ml/s. During breath-hold lateral and dorsoventral angiographic cineloops were acquired simultaneously at a frame rate of 12.5 images/s. Fluoroscopic acquisition started immediately before contrast injection and lasted for 10 s. One cineloop was recorded, no follow up sequences were acquired.
9
Thoracic CT Imaging Protocol
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All CT scans were performed on a 256-slice scanner (Philips Brilliance iCT, Best, The Netherlands). Scan direction was from the lung bases to apices and in a single breath hold. Scan parameters were 100 kV, reference mAs 120, collimation 128 × 0.625, pitch 0.68. Images were reconstructed at 1 mm slice thickness. In case of a previous embolization procedure a contrast enhanced CT scan was performed. Scan parameters were identical to nonenhanced CT scans. Scan delay after administration of 80 mL Iobitridol (Xenetix® 300, Guerbet Laboratories, Roissy, France) was 30 s. A 40 mL saline flush was administered at the beginning of the scan.
10
Validating aortic lumen surface calculation
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The methodology for semiautomatic calculation of surfaces between boundaries over a mesh of the aortic lumen was validated in a silicon cylinder with an inner diameter of 26.8 mm. The cylinder was filled with diluted contrast (Xenetix 300; Guerbet, Sulzbach, Germany) and scanned with the standard local hospital CTA protocol. Images were acquired on a 256-slice CT scanner (Philips, Best, the Netherlands) using the following parameters: 120-kV tube voltage, 200-mAs tube current time product, 0.75-mm slice spacing, 0.9mm pitch, and 16×0.75-mm collimation. The true surface of the open cylinder over the length of 30.0 mm was 2529 mm 2 .
The CTA scan with original slice thickness of 0.625 mm was reconstructed into scans with slice thicknesses of 0.67, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mm. A mesh of the inner volume of the cylinder was obtained in the 3mensio workstation from each of these CTA scan reconstructions. A centerline was constructed through the center of the cylinder, and coordinate markers were positioned on the cylinder over a distance of 30.0 mm to mark the proximal and distal edges. The mesh surfaces between the upper and lower boundaries were calculated for each of the reconstructions with different slice thicknesses and compared with the true surface of the cylinder.
The CTA scan with original slice thickness of 0.625 mm was reconstructed into scans with slice thicknesses of 0.67, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mm. A mesh of the inner volume of the cylinder was obtained in the 3mensio workstation from each of these CTA scan reconstructions. A centerline was constructed through the center of the cylinder, and coordinate markers were positioned on the cylinder over a distance of 30.0 mm to mark the proximal and distal edges. The mesh surfaces between the upper and lower boundaries were calculated for each of the reconstructions with different slice thicknesses and compared with the true surface of the cylinder.
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