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29 protocols using trevigen comet assay kit

1

DNA Double Strand Break Repair Analysis

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Assessments of DNA double strand break repair by PCR after I-PpoI induction were performed as previously described (23 (link)). Comet assays were performed using the Trevigen CometAssay Kit (Trevigen, Gaithersburg, MD) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Cell images were assessed by the TriTek CometScore 1.6.1.21 software. Olive tail moment (OTM) was determined as a product of DNA in the tail and the mean distance of migration in the tail.
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2

Alkaline Comet Assay for Genotoxicity

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The alkaline comet assay was performed using the Trevigen CometAssay® Kit (Trevigen, Inc.; Bio-Techne) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, HepG2 cells were seeded at 8×104 cells/well in a 12-well plate. After 24 h, the cells were treated with vehicle control, 5 µΜ DEX, 1 µΜ EPI or 1 µΜ NE for 4 h in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. Then the cells were harvested, washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and mixed with 1% low-melting agarose in PBS at 37°C to form a single cell suspension embedded in agarose. The resulting mixture was immediately pipetted on with the sample area of a CometSlide (Trevigen, Inc.; Bio-Techne). The slides were placed at 4°C for 10 min and then lysed at 4°C overnight in the dark. After lysis, the slides were subjected to electrophoresis at 21 V for 45 min at 4°C, and then immersed twice in distilled water for 5 min and once in 70% (v/v) ethanol for 5 min. The slides were dried completely at 37°C for 10–15 min and then stained with propidium iodide (PI) for 10 min at room temperature. Comets were observed using an Olympus BX53 fluorescence microscope (Olympus Corp.) equipped with an Olympus DP72 camera (Olympus Corp.). The percentage of DNA in the tail was quantified based on ≥30 randomly selected cells in each sample using Image J software (version 1.53c; National Institutes of Health) as previously described (37 (link)).
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3

Comet Assay for DNA Strand Break Detection

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The comet assay was performed using a Trevigen Comet Assay Kit (Trevigen Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA) to detect DNA strand breaks at the single-cell level as described previously [18 (link)]. Briefly, cells were exposed to millimeter-wavelength radiation for 24 h, collected by trypsinization and centrifuged immediately after exposure, then mixed with low melting point agarose to prepare a cell suspension in 0.1% agarose/phosphate buffered saline (PBS). After gelation of the agarose, the cells were lysed, then the alkaline unwinding was performed (1 h at 4 °C, pH > 13). The resulting DNA samples were electrophoresed at 1 V/cm for 30 min in a 0.3 M NaOH (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) and 1 mM ethylenediamine-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (Sigma-Aldrich) solution. After the DNA was stained with SYBR Green I, immunofluorescence images were captured using a fluorescence microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). DNA strand breaks were analyzed using Comet software (Perceptive Instruments, Suffolk, UK). At least 100 comets from each gel were analyzed, and at least five independent experiments were performed. Tail length indicates the pixel length of the comet tail, tail percent indicates the percentage of tail content relative to comet content, and tail moment was calculated as follows:

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4

Comet Assay for DNA Damage Assessment

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Comet assay was performed by using the Trevigen comet assay kit (Trevigen, 4250-050-K) following the manufacturer’s instruction. Briefly, nuclei extracted from 22-day-old rosette leaves at 1 x 105/mL were combined with molten LMAgarose at a ratio of 1:10 (v/v) at 37°C. Samples (50 μL) were immediately pipetted onto CometSlide. The slides were placed flat at 4°C in the dark for 30 min and then immersed in prechilled Lysis Solution (Trevigen, 4250-050-01,) at 4°C for 60 min. After lysis, the slides were immersed in freshly prepared Alkaline Unwinding Solution, pH >13 (200 mM NaOH, 1 mM EDTA) for 20–60 min at room temperature in the dark. Electrophoresis was in Alkaline Electrophoresis Solution, pH >13 (200 mM NaOH, 1 mM EDTA) at 21 volts for 30 min at 4°C. After washing in dH2O and 70% ethanol, samples were dried at ≤ 45°C for 10–15 min. DNA was stained by diluted SYBR Green I (Trevigen, 4250-050-05,) in refrigerator for 5 min. The slides were dried completely at room temperature in the dark and then viewed by Olympus BX53 fluorescence microscope. The Comet Score software (http://www.autocomet.com) was used to evaluate the levels of DNA damage.
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5

Alkaline Comet Assay for DNA Damage

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Alkaline comet assay was performed using Trevigen CometAssay® Kit (Trevigen, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Detached cells were resuspended in cold PBS to a concentration of 105 cells/mL. An aliquot of 10 μL of cell suspension was added to 100 μL of melted LM agarose maintained at 37°C. The agarose mixture was transferred onto a comet slide and allowed to solidify at 4oC. Then the cells were lysed in pre-chilled lysis solution for 60 min at 4°C, and denatured at room temperature in an alkaline solution containing 300 mM NaOH and 1 mM EDTA for 60 min. Electrophoresis was carried out under 1 V/cm condition in a solution (300 mM NaOH and 1 mM EDTA) for 30 min. All incubations and electrophoresis were performed in dark. The slides were stained with SYBR Green for 20 min and immediately photographed using a fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ni-U). Comet tail was analyzed using the Comet Assay Software Project tool [57 (link)].
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6

Alkaline Comet Assay for DNA Damage

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Alkaline comet assay was performed as described in (16 (link)) using the Trevigen comet assay kit (Trevigen Inc, Gaithersburg, MD). Slides were visualized using epifluorescence microscopy. The images were analyzed using CometScoring software (TriTek Corp, Sumerduck, VA).
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7

Alkaline Comet Assay for DNA Damage Analysis

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Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay under alkaline conditions [23 (link)] was performed using the Trevigen Comet Assay kit (Trevigen, Gaithersburg, MD). Briefly, 5.0×104 cells were embedded in 37°C agarose at a ratio of 1:10 (v/v), plated onto specially coated microscope slides, treated with lysis solution 60 min at 4°C, followed by alkaline solution incubation 30 min for DNA unwinding. Slides were subjected to electrophoresis for 30 min at 21 volts, air dried and stained with Propidium Iodide and imaged under a fluorescent microscope with corresponding filters. Greater than 150 cells for each condition were imaged and analyzed using ImageJ [44 (link)] with the OpenComet plugin [45 (link)].
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8

DNA Damage Quantification by Comet Assay

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The neutral and alkaline comet assay were performed on the Trevigen Comet Assay kit (Cat. 4252-040-K, Trevigen, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA). Cells were pretreated with 0.5 mM VPA for 24 h followed by 8 Gy IR treatment. Low melting agar was combined with cell suspension at a ratio of 1:10 after treatments, then spread onto comet slide immediately. The slides were cooled for 30 min, then immersed in lysis solution. Slides were immersed into cold alkaline unwinding solution for 1 h (alkaline comet), then transferred into neutral or alkaline electrophoresis buffer at 21 V for 30 min at 4°C in the dark. The slides were washed twice in distilled water and 70% ethanol for 5 min, then dried and stained with SYBR gold (1:10000, Trevigen).
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9

Comet Assay to Assess DNA Damage

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Jab1-specific or control siRNAs were transfected into SNU-478 and HuCCT-1 cell lines daily for 2 days. These cell lines were treated with 2.5 μM or 5 μM cisplatin for 48 hours. The cells were then trypsinized and subjected to an alkaline comet assay using the Trevigen Comet Assay Kit (Trevigen Inc., Gaithersburg, MD) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Tail moments and tail intensity were measured with Comet Assay IV software (Perceptive Instruments Ltd., Bury St. Edmunds, UK). Three independent experiments were performed for each condition.
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10

Quantifying DNA Damage Using Comet Assay

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Cells were seeded at a density of 2×105 cells/well in a 6 cm well dish. After treatment with cisplatin or M3814 or with a combination of cisplatin and M3814 for 72 hours, cells were trypsinized, and DNA damage was analyzed using the Trevigen CometAssay kit (Trevigen, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA). The alkaline comet assay was used to assess DNA damage in all cells, including PRKDC-knockdown cells and drug-treated cells, according to manufacturer’s instructions. Cells that were embedded on a glass slide in agarose were stained with SafeView nucleic acid stains (Applied Biological Materials, Richmond, Canada). Cells were observed using a fluorescence microscope for quantification; comets were analyzed as 100 cells per replica, and the DNA tail intensity was calculated using OpenComet, a plug-in processing platform in ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, USA).
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