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21 protocols using anti egfr

1

Immunoblotting of Cell Signaling Proteins

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The following antibodies and materials were used: anti-GAPDH (Calbiochem), anti-EGFR (Millipore), anti-CREB, anti-phospho CREB (S133), anti-STAT3, anti-phospho STAT3 (Y705), anti-c-Jun (Cell signaling), and anti-TGF-beta (Abcam). Electrophoresis reagents were purchased from Biorad.
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2

Quantitative Analysis of EGFR in Nuclei

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Cells were double-labeled with mouse monoclonal anti-EGFR (Millipore) and a rabbit polyclonal antibody against the nuclear membrane marker Lamin-B1 (Abcam, MA, USA), and then incubated with secondary antibodies conjugated to anti-mouse Alexa 555 or anti-rabbit Alexa 488 (Life Technologies), respectively. Hoechst 33342 (Life Technologies) was used as marker for the nuclear compartment. Images were collected using a Zeiss LSM 880 with Airyscan with a 63X, 1.4 NA objective lens.
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3

Molecular Mechanisms of PPARβ/δ Regulation

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GW0742 and GSK0660 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Lois, MO, USA). Rosiglitazone, GW9662 and Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) are from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). 5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine is from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Lois, MO, USA). Anti-PPARβ/δ and anti-Myc were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-PPARγ, anti-GFAP (Glial fibrillary acidic protein), anti-DCX (Doublecortin) and anti-SOX2 are from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti-Nestin and anti-EGFR are from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA), anti-Galactocerebroside C (GalC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Lois, MO, USA), anti-5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine is from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA) and anti-β III-Tubulin is from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Restriction enzymes are all from New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA). GoTaq Flexi DNA Polymerase and RT-PCR reagents were purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA) and Invitrogen (Grand Island, NY, USA). siRNA-PPARβ/δ was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechonology, siRNA-control and siGlo-Green Transfection Indicator were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dharmacon Inc (Lafayette, CO, USA).
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4

Antibody Preparation and Detection

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Anti-human PTK6 (G6), anti-Raf-B (F-7) and anti-FAK (C-20) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX). Anti-EGFR and anti-P-PTK6 (Tyr-342) were purchased from Millipore (Temecula, CA). Anti-Ki67 was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Antibodies directed against AKT, P-AKT (Thr-308), P-AKT (Ser-473), P-BCAR1 (Tyr-165), cleaved Caspase-3, P-EGFR (Tyr-845), P-FAK (Tyr-397), P-FAK (Tyr-576/577), p44/42 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) and P-FAK (Tyr-925) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Anti-BCAR1 antibody was purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). Antibodies directed against β-actin (AC-15) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Donkey anti-rabbit or sheep anti-mouse antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase were used as secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA) and detected by chemiluminescence with SuperSignal West Dura substrate from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL).
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5

Protein Isolation and Western Blot Analysis

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After rinsing with Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS, 14040, Gibco), protein was isolated from cultured SIMF cells by lysing with sodium dodecyl sulfate sample buffer (50 mmol/L Tris-HCL, pH 6.8, 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10% glycerol, and 5% 2-mercaptoethanol). Lysate was heated at 100°C and stored at -20°C prior to use. Protein concentration was measured using the RC DC (reducing agent and detergent compatible) Protein Assay Kit II (5000122, Bio-Rad; Hercules, CA). Proteins were loaded at equal concentrations, and detection was performed using the Bio-Rad ChemiDoc XRS+ system and image Lab software (Bio-Rad). Antibodies used were Anti-EGFR (06–847, 1:2500 Millipore; Burlington, MA), Anti-Phospho EGFR (2234, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technologies; Danvers, MA), and Anti-Actin (4970S, Cell Signaling Technologies, 1:10000).
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6

EGFR Signaling in Beclin 1 Knockout

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Control, Becn1 deficient and Becn1 deficient plus beclin 1 MEFs were plated on poly-d-lysine coated 12 well plates. Once adherent, cells were serum-starved overnight. Cells were then stimulated with 200 ng/mL EGF (Millipore) in serum-free medium for the indicated time points. Cells were lysed in 1% TNTE buffer and homogenized with a 26G needle. Western blots were probed with anti-EGFR (Millipore), anti-beclin 1 (Santa Cruz), anti-UVRAG (Abgent), and anti-actin (Cell Signaling). EGFR/actin was quantified using Metamorph.
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7

Immunofluorescence Assay for Organelle Localization

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Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min and permeabilized for 30 min in 0.15% Triton-X100 in PBS + 3% BSA. Incubation with primary antibodies was performed for 2 hrs in 0.15% Triton-X100 in PBS + 3% BSA at room temperature. dsRNA, EGFR, and EEA1 immunolocalization was performed using anti-dsRNA J2 (Scicons) [76 (link)], anti-EEA1, anti-Calnexin, anti-puromycin (BD Biosciences), anti-LARP1 (Novus Biologicals), anti-NS5A 9E10 (gift from C.Rice), and anti-EGFR (Millipore) antibodies (2 μg/mL). For puromycylation assays, 200 μM emetin (Sigma) and 90 μM puromycin (Sigma) were incubated on cells for 10 min before harvest. Samples were incubated with Alexa-488-goat anti-mouse and Alexa-594-goat anti-rabbit antibodies (Invitrogen, 1 μg/mL) for 1 h at room temperature. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. Images were acquired using a Leica SP5X confocal microscope equipped with LAS AF software. Subsequent analyses were performed using the JACop ImageJ colocalization plugin (http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/plugins/track/jacop.html) and its plot profile function.
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8

EGFR Signaling Pathway Regulation

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Compounds AG1478 and PD153035 were purchased from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA). Anti-EGFR, anti-phospho-EGFR, anti-c-Cbl and anti-phospho-Cbl antibodies were obtained from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Anti-Cdc42 and anti-Rac1 antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Anti-ubiquitin antibody was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Lysates were done as reported [31 (link)]. The following reagents were used: anti-KMT8/Riz1/Riz2 antibody (ab3790; Abcam); mouse monoclonal anti-FAK (610,088; BD Transduction Laboratories), or anti P-Tyr 397 FAK (611722; BD Transduction Laboratories); anti-p42 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (sc-1647; Santa Cruz), or anti p44 and p42 P-ERK (sc-7383; Santa Cruz); anti-tubulin (DM1A sc-32293; Santa Cruz), anti-GAPDH (#E-AB-20078; Elabscience) and rabbit polyclonal antibodies anti-EGFR (610016;Millipore), anti P-Tyr1068 EGFR (#2234S; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, United States) antibodies. The ECL system (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, United States) was used to reveal immunoreactive proteins.
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10

Cellular Lysis and Fractionation for Protein Analysis

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Total cellular lysates were prepared by solubilizing cells using cell lysis buffer containing 1% Triton X-100, 10 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 150 mM NaCl, and protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich). The protein concentration was determined using a BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Rockford, IL). The lysates were mixed with Laemmli sample buffer for SDS-PAGE.
Nuclear fractions were prepared as described before (31 (link)), cells were washed with ice-cold PBS and scraped into Buffer A (10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 10 mM KCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 1% NP40, and protease inhibitors), passed through a 21-gauge needle, and centrifuged. The pellet (nuclear fraction) was resuspended in Buffer B (20mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 10 mM KCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 500 mM NaCl and 25% glycerol), homogenized, and kept on ice for 30 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant was mixed with Laemmli sample buffer for SDS-PAGE.
Western blot analysis was performed using anti-EGFR (Millipore, Billerica, MA), anti-phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068), anti-IκBα, anti-phospho-p38, anti-total-p38, anti-phospho-stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun aminoterminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), anti-total-JNK, anti-total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 (Cell Signaling Technology), anti-phospho-ERK1/2 (Promega, Madison, WI), anti-β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich), and anti-Ki67 antibodies.
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