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Mem vitamins solution

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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MEM vitamins solution is a ready-to-use solution containing essential vitamins required for cell culture media. It is designed to supplement Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) to provide a balanced vitamin composition to support cell growth and maintenance.

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7 protocols using mem vitamins solution

1

Extracellular Proteome of C. pseudotuberculosis

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Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biovar equi strain 258 was isolated from a horse in Belgium; this strain was cultivated under routine conditions in brain–heart infusion broth (BHI-HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., India) at 37°C. When necessary, 1.5% agar was added to the medium for solid culture. For extracellular proteomic analyses, 258_equi was grown in a chemically defined medium (CDM) [(Na2HPO4_7H2O (12.93 g/L), KH2PO4 (2.55 g/L), NH4Cl (1 g/L), MgSO4_7H2O (0.20 g/L), CaCl2 (0.02 g/L), and 0.05% (v/v) Tween 80] with 4% (v/v) MEM Vitamins Solution (Invitrogen, Gaithersburg, MD, USA), 1% (v/v) MEM Amino Acids Solution (Invitrogen), 1% (v/v) MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution (Invitrogen), and 1.2% (w/v) glucose at 37°C (Moura-Costa et al., 2002 ).
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2

Cultivation of C. pseudotuberculosis ovis

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The C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis strain 1002 (1002_ovis) was isolated from a goat in Brazil; this strain was cultivated under standard conditions in brain–heart infusion broth (BHI-HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., India) at 37 °C. When necessary, 1.5% of agar was added to the medium for a solid culture. For extracellular proteomic analyses, 1002_ovis was grown in a chemically defined medium (CDM) [(Na2HPO4_7H2O (12.93 g/L), KH2PO4 (2.55 g/L), NH4Cl (1 g/L), MgSO4_7H2O (0.20 g/L), CaCl2 (0.02 g/L) and 0.05% (v/v) Tween 80], 4% (v/v) MEM Vitamins Solution (Invitrogen, Gaithersburg, MD, USA), 1% (v/v) MEM Amino Acids Solution (Invitrogen), 1% (v/v) MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution (Invitrogen), and 1.2% (w/v) glucose at 37 °C [22 ].
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3

Optimized Culture Media for Cell Growth

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Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS; Gibco #240010) was supplemented with 0.4 mM L-serine, 0.2 mM L-methionine, 0.2 mM L-histidine monohydrochloride, 0.8 mM L-threonine, 0.399 mM L-arginine monohydrochloride, 0.8 mM L-lysine monohydrochloride, 0.4 mM L-phenylalanine, 0.2 mM L-cystine hydrochloride, 0.4 mM glycine, 0.078 mM L-tryptophan, 0.248 µM ferric nitrate nonahydrate and filtered. The solution was further supplemented with 1× MEM vitamins solution (Gibco, containing calcium pantothenate, choline chloride, folic acid, inositol, niacinamide, pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, thiamine HCl), 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 10% dialysed foetal bovine serum (Gibco), and 50 IU/mL penicillin/streptomycin. A “100×” stock of BCAA (Sigma-Aldrich) was prepared containing 79.9 mM leucine, isoleucine and valine and used to supplement the media as required.
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4

Cytotoxicity Assay of TTR Compounds in SH-SY5Y Cells

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The human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y was obtained from the European Collection of Cell Cultures (Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research). SH-SY5Y cells were cultured according to a previous report [79 (link)] with minor modifications. The cells were grown in MEM and GlutaMax medium (Gibco) and supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (Gibco), 100 units/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Gibco), and 1% non-essential amino acid solution (Gibco). Cultures were maintained in an incubator at 37°C with a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Freshly purified TTR (15 μM) in MEM was sterile-filtrated and pre-incubated with TBBPA, tafamidis, or diflunisal (15 μM each) for one hour before being added to the SH-SY5Y cells. The protein-compound solutions were supplemented with 100 units/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Gibco), 1% non-essential amino acid solution (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco), 1% MEM vitamins solution (Gibco), and 1% MEM amino acids solution (Gibco) and incubated with the cells for 48 h at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Cytotoxicity was measured using a resazurin reduction test, and cell viability was detected by fluorescence measurement using a TECAN Safire plate reader with excitation at 535 nm and emission at 595 nm. All experiments were performed in triplicate.
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5

Granulocyte-Bacteria Interaction Assay

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The isolated granulocytes were incubated with mCherry-E. coli strains (Table S1) at a ratio of 200 bacteria per 1 granulocyte, at 37°C in a water bath. Incubation was performed in hemolysis tubes in RPMI 1640 medium, supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Eurobio), 1% non-essential amino acids (Gibco), L-glutamine (200 mM, Gibco), sodium pyruvate solution (100 mM, Gibco) and MEM vitamins solution (100X, Gibco). Samples from shorter timepoints were maintained on ice until processing.
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6

Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Isolation and Stimulation

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Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated from C57BL/6J, Ifnar1–/– and Setdb2GT/GT mice and cultured in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS, penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine (Life Tech #10378-016) and 50ng/ml recombinant mouse macrophage colony stimulating factor (eBioscience #34-8983-85). BMDMs were stimulated with PAM3CSK4 (PAM3) (500ng/ml, Invivogen tlrl-pms), poly(I:C) (6μg/ml, Invivogen tlrl-pic), LPS (20ng/ml, Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota, Sigma #L4641), mouse IFNβ (1000 IU/ml, PBL Interferon Source #12400-1), mouse IFNγ (100ng/ml, Peprotech #315-05) or IFNλ2 (100ng/ml, Biomedica 4635-ML-025). For in vitro infections with influenza virus A/PR/8/34, cells were grown in OPTI-MEM medium (Life Tech, #31985-070) containing 4% BSA (Sigma, #A7979), 1x MEM vitamins solution (Life Tech, #11120-037) and 1μg/ml TPCK trypsin (Sigma, #T8802). To block IFNAR1, we pre-treated BMDMs with 20μg/ml of IFNAR1-specific antibody (clone MAR1-5A3, BioXCell #BE0241) 48 (link) or with mouse IgG1 isotype control (clone MOPC-21, BioXCell #BE0083) 18 hours prior to poly(I:C) stimulation and added fresh antibody upon stimulation.
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7

Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Isolation and Stimulation

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Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated from C57BL/6J, Ifnar1–/– and Setdb2GT/GT mice and cultured in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS, penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine (Life Tech #10378-016) and 50ng/ml recombinant mouse macrophage colony stimulating factor (eBioscience #34-8983-85). BMDMs were stimulated with PAM3CSK4 (PAM3) (500ng/ml, Invivogen tlrl-pms), poly(I:C) (6μg/ml, Invivogen tlrl-pic), LPS (20ng/ml, Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota, Sigma #L4641), mouse IFNβ (1000 IU/ml, PBL Interferon Source #12400-1), mouse IFNγ (100ng/ml, Peprotech #315-05) or IFNλ2 (100ng/ml, Biomedica 4635-ML-025). For in vitro infections with influenza virus A/PR/8/34, cells were grown in OPTI-MEM medium (Life Tech, #31985-070) containing 4% BSA (Sigma, #A7979), 1x MEM vitamins solution (Life Tech, #11120-037) and 1μg/ml TPCK trypsin (Sigma, #T8802). To block IFNAR1, we pre-treated BMDMs with 20μg/ml of IFNAR1-specific antibody (clone MAR1-5A3, BioXCell #BE0241) 48 (link) or with mouse IgG1 isotype control (clone MOPC-21, BioXCell #BE0083) 18 hours prior to poly(I:C) stimulation and added fresh antibody upon stimulation.
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