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9 protocols using sr144528

1

Preparation of Cannabinoid Compounds

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Lactic acid was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). AEA, AEA-d8, 2-AG, and 2-AG-d8 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). URB597 (cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoyl-biphenyl-3-yl ester) (Fegley et al., 2005 (link)), rimonabant, and SR144528 (N-{(1S)-endo-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2yl]-5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide) (Griffin et al., 1999 (link)) were provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse Drug Supply Program (Bethesda, MD, USA). Lactic acid was prepared in sterile water. URB597 was prepared in a vehicle consisting of 1% carboxymethylcellulose (Sigma), 1% Tween 80 (Sigma), 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma), and 96% sterile saline. rimonabant and SR144528 were prepared in a vehicle consisting of 5% ethanol, 5% cremophor (Sigma), and 90% sterile saline. All solutions were injected i.p. in a volume of 1 ml/kg except for URB597, which was injected i.p. in a volume of 2 ml/kg.
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2

Cannabinoid Receptor Modulation of Microglia Activation

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15 min before LPS/IFN-γ stimulation, microglia or OHSCs were first pre-treated with SR144528 (Sigma, cat# SML1899) dissolved in DMSO (AppliChem GmbH, cat# A3672,0250) at various concentrations (1, 10, 100 nM, 0.5 and 1 µM), after which they were stimulated with 100 ng/ml Lipopolysaccharide; LPS (Sigma-Aldrich, cat# L4516-1MG) and 20 ng/ml interferon-gamma; IFN-γ (R&D Systems, cat# 485-MI) for 16 h. Schematic representation of experimental setup was created in BioRender.com.
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3

OXA and BCP Administration Protocol

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OXA for intravenous administration was purchased from Eurofarma (São Paulo, Brazil), stored at 4 °C, and dissolved in sterile water for injections just before administration, following the manufacturer’s instructions. β-Caryophyllene (PubChem CID: 20831623; IUPAC name: (1S,4E,9R)-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylidenebicyclo [7.2.0]undec-4-ene) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (#W225207), and stored at room temperature according to the manufacturer’s specifications. BCP was diluted in soybean oil immediately before administration. The CB2 antagonist SR144528 (SML1899; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was dissolved at 1 mg/mL in a solution of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS):DMSO:ethanol (8:1:1), and stored at −20 °C. GW405833 (G1421; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and GW9662 (M6191; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were dissolved in PBS with 10% DMSO, and stored at −20 °C. These stock solutions were thawed and diluted in 0.9% NaCl immediately before administration.
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4

Prostate Cancer Cell Line Cultivation and Characterization

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Androgen-insensitive
(DU145 ACC 261, PC-3 ACC 465) and androgen-sensitive (LNCaP ACC 256)
human prostate cancer cell lines were purchased from the German Collection
of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ). Noncancerous human prostate
epithelial cell lines (PWR-1E CRL-11611, RWPE-1, CRL-11609) were purchased
from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). DU145, PC-3, and
LNCaP cells were cultured using RPMI 1640 medium with GlutaMAX (Gibco),
supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco). PWR-1E and
RWPE-1 cells were cultured using keratinocyte serum-free medium supplemented
with l-glutamine, bovine pituitary extract (50 mg/L), and
epidermal growth factor (5 μg/L) (Gibco). Cells were maintained
in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37 °C.
CBD
was provided by GreenLight Pharmaceuticals. CBD purity of >99.7%
was
confirmed by convergence chromatography. SR141716 (CB1 antagonist),
SR144528 (CB2 antagonist), capsazepine (TRPV1 antagonist),
LPI (GPR55 agonist), and staurosporine (apoptosis positive control)
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CBD, SR141716, SR144528, and capsazepine
were dissolved by using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (PanReac AppliChem).
LPI was dissolved using sterile dH2O. All drug compounds
were stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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5

Neurodegeneration Signaling Pathway Assay

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), JWH-133 (JWH), and SR-144528 (SR) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), MK-801 (MK), and forskolin (FK) were purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK). Tau and p-Tau proteins were kindly provided by Prof. J. Avila (CBM, UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain). Detailed descriptions of the elaboration and processing of proteins can be found elsewhere [42 (link), 43 (link)]
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6

Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands Evaluation

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Ultra-pure grade chemicals were used: Progesterone (4 pregnene-3,20-dione, P4), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from Escherichia coli 055:B5), CP55,940, and SR144528 (CB2 antagonist) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MI, USA). ACEA (CB1 agonist) and AM281 (CB1 antagonist) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, United Kingdom), and JWH-015 (CB2 agonist) was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA). [3H]CP55,940 was obtained from Perkin-Elmer Life Sciences, Inc. (Boston, MA, USA).
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7

Cannabinoid Receptor Modulation in Cell Assays

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Arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide hydrate (ACEA; CB1 agonist), Rimonabant hydrochloride (SR141716A; CB1 antagonist/inverse agonist), GW833972A (CB2 agonist), SR144528 (CB2 antagonist/inverse agonist), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used. These cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists were dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 20 mM and stored at −20 °C until used.
Saponin (Amresco, Solon, OH, USA) was used. Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), brefeldin A, and monensin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. RPMI 1640 medium and fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA) were used. Ficoll-Hypaque solution (IsoPrep)(Robbins Scientific Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used. Finally, 7-AAD solution was purchased from BioLegend.
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8

Pharmacological Compound Procurement Protocol

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JWH133 was purchased from Tocris Biosciences (Bristol, UK). SR144528 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Epithelial growth factor (EGF) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA)
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9

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Phytochemicals

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β-caryophyllene, humulene, β-caryophyllene oxide, zerumbone, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), thioflavin T, trypan blue, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), DMSO, Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI) medium, non-essential amino acids (NEAA), penicillin/streptomycin, trypsin EDTA, foetal bovine serum (FBS), ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, glutathione, AM251, SR144528 and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were all supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Sydney, Australia).
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