Ft ir 6800 spectrometer

FTIR spectra of pretreated and CC3 treated biomass were obtained at room temperature, using a JASCO FT/IR-6800 Spectrometer (Jasco, Japan) equipped with an Attenuated Total Reflectance unit. Spectral data between 650 and 4000 cm⁻¹ were collected averaging 64 scans at a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹. Principal components analysis (PCA) was performed with KnowItAll ID Expert (Biorad, USA).

Nanofluorescent sensor was characterized by high resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM, JEM-2100, JEOL). The XRD patterns were recorded using Shimadzu X-ray diffractometer with CuKα₁ radiation (k = 1.54056 Å). The accelerating voltage of 40 kV and an emission current of 30 mA were used. The FT-IR spectra were recorded using JASCO-FT-IR 6800 spectrometer. The photoluminescence emission spectra were recorded at room temperature with a spectrofluorometer shimaduz RF5301PC. The luminescent lifetime of the prepared compounds was recorded using a PerkinElmer LS 55 luminescence spectrometer (USA). Surface charge of nanoparticles were calculated by Brookhaven zeta potential/particle size analyser.

To emphasize the formation of bonds between modified GO and EP, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded. JASCO FT/IR-6800 spectrometer was used within the range of 500–4000 cm⁻¹. The samples were prepared by mechanically removing a part of the cured epoxy with or without the graphene nanofillers and simply adding a small quantity of the solid samples into the spectrometer.