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7 protocols using 2 n morpholino ethanesulfonic acid mes buffer

1

Hydrogel Fabrication and Functionalization

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PEGDMA MW 1000 and MW 20 000 were purchased from Polysciences and were used as received. The ultraviolet (UV) photoinitiator, 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]-2-methyl-1 propanone (I2959) and fibronectin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Methacrylate acid (MAA) was purchased from Fisher Scientific and was passed through a basic alumina column prior to use to remove inhibitor. Heptane was purchased from Fisher Scientific. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), sulfo-N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS), 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) Buffer, and 1X phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
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2

Carboxyl Polystyrene Particle Conjugation

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A 1-ml volume of 7-µm carboxyl polystyrene particles (Bangs Laboratories) was washed once with 1 ml of 0.01 N NaOH and three times with 1 ml of nuclease-free water, then resuspended in a 500-µl reaction mixture containing 200 mM NaCl, 0.2 mM 5′-amino-modified FP (or amino-modified thrombin aptamers), 1 mM imidazole chloride, 50% v/v dimethyl sulfoxide and 250 mM EDC (Sigma Aldrich). The free carboxyls on the particles were then converted into amino-reactive NHS ester in the presence of 250 mM EDC and 100 mM NHS in 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer (100 mM, pH 4.7; Thermo Scientific) for 30 min at r.t. The particles were then conjugated with 20 mM amino-PEG12 (Thermo Scientific) in MES buffer for 1 h. The particles were washed three times with 1 ml of TE (10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 0.1 mM EDTA), suspended in 1 ml of TE buffer and stored at 4 °C.
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3

SDS-PAGE Analysis of Purified AAV8 and AAV9

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Samples of purified AAV8 and AAV9 produced in both Sf9 and ExpiSf9 cells were prepared for SDS-PAGE gel by adding the appropriate amount of NuPAGE lithium dodecyl sulfate (LDS) sample buffer 4× and NuPAGE sample-reducing agent 10× (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The samples were then placed at 70°C for 10 min. Equal amounts of AAV were loaded in a NuPAGE 4%–12% Bis-Tris 10-well gel (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for each serotype and run in 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). After the run, the gel was rinsed in distilled water (diH2O) and incubated in 7.5% acetic acid with SYPRO Red Protein Gel Stain 1:5,000 dilution (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 1 h. The gel was then rinsed in 7.5% acetic acid and imaged on a Gel Doc EZ Imager (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
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4

Cell-free Proteomic Analysis of Modified DNA

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Double-stranded synthetic DNA templates corresponding to the wild-type øX174, kleenX174, and kleenX174(2939C > T) sequences were designed and synthesized (IDT) with added 5′ T7 promoter and 3′ T7 terminators, as recommended by NEB in the PURExpress kit. Cell-free in vitro expression reactions were run with 0.8 nM template at 37 °C for 2 h under standard conditions with 1 U/µL Murine RNase inhibitor (NEB) and FluoroTect BODIPY-FL labeled Lysine (Promega). Cell-free reactions were processed with RNase A (0.1 mg/mL) to remove unreacted transfer RNA, then run on 12% Bis-Tris SDS/PAGE using 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer (Life Technologies). Fluorescence was visualized using a Typhoon 9410 (GE) scanner with laser settings of Blue2 488-nm BP 520 normal sensitivity. Band volumes were calculated using ImageJ v1.49 (64 (link)).
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5

Fabrication of Polymeric Microfluidic Devices

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PMMA sheets and cover plates were purchased from Good Fellow (Berwyn, PA), Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC 6017) was purchased from TOPAS Advanced Polymers (Florence KY) and Si <100> wafers were purchased from University Wafers (Boston, MA). Isopropanol, 1-ethyl-3-[dimethylaminopropyl] carbodimide hydrochloride (EDC), 2-(4-morpholino)-ethane sulfonic acid (MES), ethylenediamine (EDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPA), Irgacure 651 (photo-initiator), 50% potassium hydroxide (KOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). An anti-adhesion monolayer of (tridecafluoro – 1,1,2,2 – tetrahydrooctyl) tricholorosilane (T-silane) was purchased from Gelest, Inc. Tris buffer (pH = 8.0) and 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer (pH 5.0) were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Houston, TX) and Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA), respectively. All required dilutions were performed using 18 MΩ/cm milliQ water (Millipore) and buffer solutions were filtered using a 0.2 μm filter.
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6

Purification and Characterization of High-Molecular-Weight DNA

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High-molecular-weight DNA (MW > 5×106 dalton) was prepared and purified from adult-chicken whole blood as described previously34 (link) and dialyzed against 10 mM TrisCl (pH 7.5) and 1 mM EDTA. After purification, DNA was extensively dialyzed against 1mM EDTA solution. Successful removal of protein from the DNA was verified by measuring the ratio of absorbance at 260 nm and 280 nm of DNA solutions and found to be satisfactory with values exceeding 1.8. PAMAM dendrimer (ethylenediamine core, generation 4.0 solution in 10% methanol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO). NaN3, HCl, NaOH, sodium acetate were purchased from Sigma. 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer and EDTA was purchased from Fisher. 1 M Tris pH 7.5 buffer was purchased from Mediatech Inc. All chemicals were used without further purification.
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7

Siderophores Production in E. coli

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All strains were screened for siderophores production qualitatively according to the method of Alexander and Zuberer (1991 ). Overnight cultures were grown on Chrome Azurol Sulfonate (CAS) agar plates. A yellow halo surrounding the bacterial colony after 4–5 days of incubation at 37°C indicated positive siderophores production. Siderophores production by E. coli strains grown in M9 medium (Maniatis et al., 1982 ) was also determined quantitatively by using CAS liquid medium according to Schwyn and Neilands (1987 (link)) and by the method of Alexander and Zuberer (1991 ) in which 2-[N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid (MES buffer) (Fisher Scientific, Belgium) was used as a buffer solution instead of solution 2 in the original method.
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