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3 protocols using mulv rt

1

Purification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein

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MuLV RT and dNTPs were purchased from New England Biolabs and Sigma, respectively. HIV-1 NC was cloned into pET28b, between NdeI and XhoI, to give an N terminal His-tagged construct. This expression plasmid was transformed into BL21 cells which were grown in Luria-Bertani medium until OD600 = 0.7, at which time expression was induced with 0.5 mM Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and the cells were supplemented with 50 µM Zinc acetate. Cells were grown overnight (20 h) at 16°C, collected by centrifugation and stored at −20°C until further use. Frozen cells were resuspended in purification buffer (500 mM NaCl, 50 mM Tris 8.3, 5 mM imidazole and 5 mM beta-mercaptoethanol). Cells were disrupted, centrifuged at 14 000 rpm and His-tagged protein was captured from the supernatant using a Nickel bead affinity purification column. Bound protein was washed in purification buffer supplemented with 30 mM imidazole and eluted in purification buffer supplemented with 300 mM imidazole. The sample was washed in a 3 kDa centricon in dialysis buffer (200 mM NaCl and 20 mM Tris 8.3) before further purification on a S200 size exclusion column equilibrated and run in dialysis buffer. Elutions containing NC were stored at −80°C.
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2

Quantification of 5-aza-dCTP Incorporation by RT

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The single nucleotide incorporation assay used has been previously described [27 (link)]. Briefly, this assay uses a 5′ P32 radio-labelled 23-mer primer (P) annealed to a 24-mer template (T) with a single G overhang. Extension from an 23-mer to 24-mer indicates that 5-aza-dCTP has been incorporated by RT. 20 μL reactions contained 200 fmol template/primer, 2 μL 5-aza-dCTP at concentrations indicated or 50 μM of dNTPs for the positive control, 4 μL of purified RT (HIV-1 NL4-3 or MuLV, normalized by titrating enzyme activity), 25 mM Tris–HCI, pH 8.0, 2 mM dithiothreitol, 100 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, and 10 μM oligo(dT). Reactions were incubated at 37 °C for 5 min and then quenched with 10 μL of 40 mM EDTA and 99 % (vol/vol) formamide at 95 °C for 2 min. The reactions were resolved on a 20 % urea-PAGE gel (American Bio Sequel NE reagent) and imaged using Pharos FX molecular imager (Bio-Rad). HIV-1 RT (HXB2) was purified as previously described (Kim B: Genetic selection in Escherichia coli for active human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase mutants. Methods 1997, 12:318 324). MuLV RT was obtained from New England Biolabs (Beverly, MA).
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3

Biochemical Reagents for Molecular Biology Experiments

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Calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP), T3 RNA polymerase, “High Fidelity” (PvuII and EcoRI) and other restriction enzymes, T4 polynt kinase (PNK), and MuLV RT were from New England Biolabs. DNase (deoxyribonuclease)-free RNase (ribonuclease), ribonucleotides, and deoxyribonucleotides were obtained from Roche. RNase free-DNase I was from United States Biochemical. Rapid DNA ligation kit, RNasin (RNase inhibitor), and the phiX174 HinfI digest DNA ladder was from Promega. Radiolabeled compounds were from PerkinElmer. Pfu DNA polymerase was from Stratagene. DNA oligonucleotides were from Integrated DNA Technologies. G-25 spin columns were from Harvard Apparatus. RNeasy RNA purification and the Plasmid DNA Miniprep kits were from Qiagen. X-gal was from Denville Scientific, Inc. IPTG and media were from Gibco, Life Technologies. All other chemicals were obtained from Fisher Scientific, VWR, or Sigma. HIV RT (from HXB2 strain) was prepared as described [64 (link)]. The HIV RT clone was a generous gift from Dr. Michael Parniak (University of Pittsburgh). This enzyme is a non-tagged heterodimer consisting of equal proportions of p66 and p51 subunits. Aliquots of HIV RT were stored frozen at −80°C and fresh aliquots were used for each experiment.
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