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3 protocols using ab88522

1

Deer Antler Base Powder Alleviates Liver Injury

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Deer antler base powder was purchased from Jilin Zhenyuan Deer Industry Co., Ltd. (Changchun, China) and was identified by Professor Zhao Yan of Jilin Agricultural University. Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O127:B8 and d-GalN were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). The aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) detection kits were provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, China). The ELISA kits for tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were purchased from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN). Antibodies used for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence including COX-2 (ab88522, 1:200), iNOS (ab1789451:200) and 4-HNE (ab46545, 1:100) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Western blot analysis of antibodies ERK (WL01770,1:750), p-ERK (WLP1512,1:750), JNK (WL01295,1:500), p-JNK (WL01813,1:500), p38 (WL00764,1:750), p-p38 (WLP1576,1:750), p-65 (WL01273b,1:750), p-p65 (WL02169,1:750), IκB-α (WL01936,1:500), p-IκB-α (WL02495,1:500) and β-actin (WL01372,1:5000) were all purchased from Shenyang Wanlei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shenyang, China).
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2

Immunofluorescence Assay for Cartilage

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Immunofluorescence was performed based on previously described protocols. 42 Briefly, 3 µm knee joint sections were deparafinized and rehydrated. Antigen retrieval was performed by incubation with 20 µg/ml proteinase K (Promega, USA) for 20 min. Tissue sections were incubated with 0.1 M glycine for autofluorescence removal, and blocked with 3% PBS-bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.1% Triton X-100 (Sigma), 5% FBS. Then cartilage sections were incubated with the corresponding primary antibodies: rabbit polyclonal anti-IHH (1/100; ab39634, Abcam) and mouse polyclonal anti-Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (1/100; ab88522; Abcam). Secondary FITC and TRITC respectively antibodies were used for detection of positive fluorescence signal. Tissue sections were ultimately incubated with 0.1% Sudan Black in 70% ethanol and mounted with Fluoroshield with DAPI histology mounting medium (Sigma). Sections were photographed with a confocal microscope Leica TCS SP5 (Leica Microsystems, Madrid, Spain) at ×40 magnification.
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3

Immunofluorescence of Knee Joint Sections

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Immunofluorescence was performed based on previously described protocols (60) . Briefly, 3 µm knee joint sections were deparafinized and rehydrated. Antigen retrieval was performed by incubation with 20 µg/mL proteinase K (Promega, USA) for 20 minutes. Tissue sections were incubated with 0.1 M glycine for autofluorescence removal, and blocked with 3% PBS-bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.1% Triton X-100 (Sigma), 5% FBS. Then cartilage sections were incubated with the corresponding primary antibodies: rabbit polyclonal anti-IHH (1/100; ab39634, Abcam) and mouse polyclonal anti-Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (1/100; ab88522; Abcam). Secondary FITC and TRITC respectively antibodies were used for detection of positive fluorescence signal. Tissue sections were ultimately incubated with 0.1% Sudan Black in 70% ethanol and mounted with Fluoroshield with DAPI histology mounting medium (Sigma).
Sections were photographed with a MiCom fluorescence microscope equipped with ACT-1 software at ×40 magnification.
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