Cu no3 2 3h2o

CuSO₄·5H₂O and Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O used for treating plants were purchased from Merck (Germany). The ultrapure water for watering plants was obtained with a Merck Millipore Direct-Q UV3 system (Darmstadt, Germany).
Acetone used for assimilating pigments extraction from wheat plants was obtained from Chimopar, Romania, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid, anhydrous carbonate, 2,2′-Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2 carboxylic acid (Trolox) used for total phenolic content quantification and antioxidant capacity determination were sourced from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany, and the ethanol used for obtaining extracts was purchased from Chimopar, Romania.
The seeds of wheat were from the Agricultural Research and Development Station at Turda-Cluj.
The ultrathin sections obtained were contrasted with lead citrate and uranyl acetate and examined with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) Jeol JEM 1010 (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). The samples were analyzed with TEM Hitachi HD2700 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) cold field emission, operated at 200 kV and coupled with an EDX detector (Oxford Instruments, Oxford, UK, AZtec Software, version 3.3) used for elemental detection. All reagents used for this part of the experiment were acquired from Sigma Aldrich (Merk, Bucharest, Romania).

The silanes used in the synthesis: N˗[3˗(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃NH(CH₂)₂NH₂ (TMPEDA, 97%, Merck), as a source of functional groups, and tetraethyl orthosilicate, Si(OC₂H₅)₄ (TEOS, 98%, Aldrich); 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane, (C₂H₅O)₃Si-C₂H₄-Si(OC₂H₅)₃ (BTESE 95%, J&K Scientific Ltd., Lommel, Belgium) or 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene, (C₂H₅O)₃Si-C₆H₄-Si(OC₂H₅)₃ (BTESB, 96%, Aldrich), as structure-forming agents. An ammonium hydroxide solution (NH₄OH, 25%, Lach-Ner) and an ammonium fluoride solution (1%, prepared from analytical-grade NH₄F salt, Reachim) were also used as catalysts, while ethanol (C₂H₅OH, p.a., 96%, microCHEM) was used as a solvent.
The reactives for the adsorption studies: Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O (99.5%, Merck); Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O (chem.pure, Makrokhim, Ukraine); Eu(NO₃)₃·6H₂O (99.9%, Alfa Aesar); NaNO₃ (chem.pure, Makrokhim, Ukraine); NaNO₃ (p.a., 99.5%, ITES s.r.o.); EDTA di-sodium versenate (0.1 mol/L, Constanal chelaton III, microCHEM); hexamethylenetetramine (p.a., 99.0%, microCHEM); xylene orange, and sodium salt (pure, Aeros organics).

Reagents and instrumentsRacemic propranolol, S-(-)-propranolol and R-(+)-propranolol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). L-alanine, Cu (CH₃COO) ₂.H₂O, Cu (NO₃)₂.3H₂O, Cu (SO₄)₂.5H₂O, Cu (Cl) ₂.2H₂O and metanol were obtained from Merck (Germany). Chromatographic separations were carried out using a Cecil 1100 HPLC instrument, equipped with columns (125 mm Length× 4.0 mm I.D., particle size 5 μm, HiCHROM) packed with LiChrosorb RP8 and LiChrosorb RP18. Detection of eluted species was carried out by a UV detector (Cecil 1100, λ=275 nm). The mobile phase used was a mixture of methanol/water containing Cu (II) salts and L-alanine (pH=5.0). Injection volume of 15 μL was utilized in the chromatographic experiments.
Analysis of propranolol enantiomers in human blood serum In order to analyze propranolol enantiomers in plasma sample, µL amount of chiral propranolol standard solutions was injected in 5 mL plasma sample in order to adjust the propranolol concentrations in the desired levels. Then, the described plasma samples were mixed with 0.5mL of 30% ammonium hydroxide and 3 mL of 10% chloroform in n-heptane, shaken for 6 min, and centrifuged; the upper phase was evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen. The residues were dissolved in 50 μL of methanol and injected to HPLC system for the analysis.