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23 protocols using tdtomato

1

Genetic Labeling of Mouse Cholinergic and Corticotropin-Releasing Neurons

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All breeding and experimental procedures were approved by the University of Louisville Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Cre recombinase expressing mouse lines ChAT-IRES-Cre (Jackson Labs, stock # 006410, strain B6;129S6-Chattm2(cre)Lowl/J) and Crh-Cre (MMRRC, stock # 030850-UCD, strain Tg(Crh-Cre)KN282Gsat/Mmucd) were bred to Cre-dependent reporter lines Ai9 (tdTomato; Jackson Labs, stock # 007905 B6;129S6-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm9(CAG-tdTomato)Hze/J), or Ai32 (channelrhodopsin-2-eYFP; Jackson Labs, stock #012569, strain B6;129S-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm32(CAG-COP4*H134R/EYFP)Hze/J). A total of 77 mice aged P1-P120 of either sex were used in experiments and included Crh-Cre+/+ (n = 3), Crh-Cre+/− x Ai9+/− (n = 1), ChAT-Cre+/− x Ai9+/− (n = 18), and ChAT-Cre+/− x Ai32+/− (n = 55).
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2

Imaging Transgenic Mice in Vision Research

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The animal experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of California, Berkeley. Experiments followed the National Institutes of Health guidelines for animal research. Animal use adhered to the ARVO Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research. We used mice expressing membrane-targeted tdTomato (strain 007676, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA) in the C57BL/6 background to serve as WT mice (n = 6) for these experiments.26 (link) The klotho-related protein KLPH (lctl) knockout (KO) mice were provided by Dr Melinda Duncan at University of Delaware. This mouse strain was originally generated by Dr Graeme Wistow at National Eye Institute.21 (link) We also used KLPH-KO (n = 7) and heterozygous (KLPH-Het) (n = 5) double transgenic mice that were generated by mating the KLPH KO mice with transgenic mice expressing membrane targeted tdTomato (strain 007676, The Jackson Laboratory). All mice were maintained in the C57BL/6J genetic backgrounds in the lab. Animals were housed with free access to food and water and exposed to a 12 hour:12 hour light:dark cycle. All experiments were performed in live mice between the ages of 6 weeks and 9 months. The genotype, sex, and age at imaging have been tabulated in Supplementary Table S1.
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3

Genetically Modified Mouse Models for Investigating LRP5/6 Signaling

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Lrp5-/- [42 (link)] and Lrp5a214v(neo)/+ [21 (link)] mice were generated as described. Lrp5fl/fl and Lrp6fl/fl [22 (link)], Flk1Breier-Cre [30 (link)], Rx-Cre [23 (link)] and CD11b-Cre [29 (link)] mice were kindly provided by Drs. Bart O. William, Kevin P. Campbell, Eric Swindell and Roland Baron, respectively. VE-Cad-Cre [24 (link)], Tie2-Cre [25 (link)], LysM-Cre [28 (link)] and tdTomato [27 (link)] mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. Flk1Breier-Cre, Rx-Cre, CD11b-Cre, VE-Cad-Cre and Tie2-Cre mice were all transgenic lines generated by fusing the Cre gene to a fragment of the promoter sequence of Flk1, Rx, CD11b, VE-Cad and Tie2, respectively. LysM-Cre mice were knock-ins, generated by targeted insertion of the Cre cDNA into the endogenous M lysozyme locus. When animals from different genetic backgrounds were crossed, littermate controls were used to avoid confounding effects.
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4

Genetic Manipulation of Mouse Cartilage Development

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All procedures regarding housing, breeding, and the collection of animal tissues were performed according to protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the University of Pennsylvania in accordance with the IACUC’s relevant guidelines and regulations. All animals were of the C57BL strain.
TdTomato55 (link) and DTAfl/fl56 (link) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA). Acan-creERT and Ihhfl/fl mice were supplied by Eiki Koyama.18 (link) Acan-creERT;Ihhfl/fl, Acan-creERT;TdTomato, and Acan-creERT;DTAfl/fl mice were generated by breeding Acan-creERT mice with Ihhfl/fl, TdTomato, or DTAfl/fl mice, respectively. TM (T5648, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) solution preparation and administration were performed as previously described.57 (link) Briefly, TM was first dissolved in 100% ethanol (100 mg/mL) and then diluted with sterile corn oil to a final concentration of 10 mg/mL. For neonatal injection, Ihhfl/fl, Acan-creERT;Ihhfl/fl, Acan-creERT;TdTomato, and Acan-creERT;DTAfl/fl mice were administered the same dose of TM (75 mg TM/kg body weight) at P3 and/or P5.
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5

Transgenic Mouse Models for Sonic Hedgehog

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Smofx (no. 004526), SmoM2 (no. 005130), tdTomato (no. 007909), Nestincre (no. 003771) and PdgfrαcreER (no. 018280) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, Maine, USA) and maintained in C57BL/6 background. Nestincre and Olig1cre knock-in line with Neo (Lu et al., 2002 (link)) were mated with SmoM2 mice to obtain double heterozygous transgenic mice. PdgfrαcreER line which carried a tamoxifen-inducible cre gene under the control of Pdgfrα promoter were also crossed with Smofx and SmoM2 mice for intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen. For mouse genotyping, genomic DNA was extracted from embryonic tissues or mouse tails and subsequently used for genotyping by polymerase chain reaction. All research procedures using animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Hangzhou Normal University. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals and their suffering. Animals of either sex were used for analyses.
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6

Characterizing Mchr1-CreER Mouse Line

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All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis. Mice were housed on a standard 12-hour light dark cycle and given food and water ad libitum. Mice were weaned and housed with same-sex littermates after postnatal day 21. Ear punches were taken for genotype analysis by polymerase chain reaction.
Mchr1-CreER founders were compared to Mchr1-Cre mice (C57BL/6J-Tg(Mchr1-cre)1Emf/J, stock number 021582). Both Mchr1-CreER and Mchr1-Cre mice were crossed to Cre reporter lines, ROSALacZ (Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1Sor/J, stock number 003309 | R26R) or tdTomato (Gt(ROSA)26Sortm9(CAG-tdTomato)Hze/J, stock number 007909) (Jackson Labs; Bar Harbor, ME). Both ROSALacZ and ROSAtdTomato only express the reporter upon Cre mediated recombination. Two founders showed robust reporter expression and were further characterized. Experiments utilized both male and female mice and no differences between sexes were noted.
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7

Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteopenia Model

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Male C57BL/6J mice, 1 month of age, were obtained from Chengdu Dossy Experimental Animals Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). To establish a glucocorticoid-induced model of osteopenia, MPS (25 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection to 1-month-old male C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks. The genotype of Gli1-CreERT2; tdTomato mice was obtained by crossing the Gli1-CreERT2 (Jackson lab (Bar Harbor, ME, USA), strain #007913) mice with the tdTomato (Jackson lab, strain #007909) mice. The Gli1-CreERT2; tdTomato mice were administrated Tamoxifen (TAM) (APExBIO (Houston, TX, USA)) intragastrically at the age of one month for three consecutive days. The dose of the TAM was used as 2 mg/30 g body weight. After TAM administration, Gli1-CreERT2; tdTomato mice were injected with MPS or vehicle daily for 5 days. The 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) was dosed at 2 mg/g body weight and injected 4 h before harvest. For the rescue experiments, the dosage of Teriparatide was 0.4 mg per gram of body weight. All the mice were kept in a specific pathogen-free facility at Sichuan University with a 12 h light and 12 h dark cycle in a temperature-regulated room with a standard chow diet. All mice experiments were approved by the Institution Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Sichuan University of West China Hospital (No. 20220411002).
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8

Spatiotemporal Cardiac Lineage Tracing

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All animals were maintained in an American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC)–approved animal facility at the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, and procedures were performed using Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee–approved protocols according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) standards. The Isl1-nLacZ mice have been described before (14 (link)). The IRG (stock no. 008705), tdTomato (stock no. 007914), Confetti (stock no. 017492), Wnt1-Cre2 (stock no. 022501), Isl1-MerCreMer (stock no. 029566), Isl1fl/fl (stock no. 028501), Dicerfl/fl (stock no. 006366), Isl1-Cre (stock no. 024242), and Wnt1/GAL4/Cre-11 (stock no. 003829) mice were obtained from the Jackson laboratory. The Mef2c-AHF-Cre mice were cryorecovered at the University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center’s Transgenic animal facility, from material obtained from the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Centers (MMRRC, strain ID: 30262). The Wnt1-Cre2 mice were bred through the female germ line. The Mef2c-AHF-Cre mice were bred through the male germ line. Genotyping was performed by an independent provider via an automated real-time PCR system (Transnetyx). All analyses were performed in age-matched males and female littermates from multiple litters.
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9

Retinal Calcium Imaging in Mice

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All animal procedures were approved by the UC Berkeley Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and conformed to the NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Public Health Service Policy, and the SFN Policy on the Use of Animals in Neuroscience Research. Adult mice (P21–P40) were anesthetized with isoflurane and decapitated. Retinas were dissected from enucleated eyes under infrared illumination and oriented as described previously (Wei et al., 2010 (link)). Isolated retinas were mounted photoreceptor layer side down and stored in oxygenated Ames’ media (US Biological) in the dark. Retinas from C57BL/6 mice were used for calcium imaging. For targeted recordings of SACs we used two mouse lines; On- and Off-SACs were targeted with mGluR2-GFP mice (Watanabe et al., 1998 (link)) and On SACs were also targeted with Chatcre mouse (Ivanova et al., 2010 (link)) crossed with a reporter line (tdTomato, Jackson Labs). Connexin-36 knockout mice (Cx36 KO) were a generous gift from David Paul at Harvard Medical School (Deans et al., 2002 (link)).
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10

Lineage Tracing of Gfra1-CreER Mice

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Gfra1-creERT2 mice were a gift from Dr. Sanjay Jain [16 (link), 42 (link)]. Reporter mice, tdTomato (#007914) [43 (link)] and mT/mG (#007676) [29 (link)], were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. The FR-HrasG12Vfl/fl mice were previously generated by Dr. James Fagin [22 (link)]. The controls were wild-type littermates that do not have the FR-HrasG12Vfl allele but contain Gfra1-creERT2 to induce tdTomato expression. These mice were maintained on a mixed genetic background of C57BL/6J (>50%), 129/Sv, and Swiss Black mice. All the experimental protocols were approved by the Weill Cornell Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
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