Glass capillary tube

Manufactured by Drummond

Sourced in Panama, United States

A glass capillary tube is a narrow, hollow glass tube with a small internal diameter. It is used to transport or manipulate small volumes of liquids or gases through capillary action.

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Lab products found in correlation

Nanoject 2, by Drummond (1 mentions) Aav1 ef1a double floxed hchr2 h134r eyfp wpre hghpa, by Addgene (1 mentions) Spss 17, by IBM (1 mentions) Vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Capillary tube (9 citations) Glass capillary (6 citations) Graduated glass capillary tube (2 citations)

9 protocols using glass capillary tube

Capillary-Based Feeding Assay for Gustatory Preference

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CAFE assays were performed as described in ref. 81 (link), with slight modifications. A chamber was prepared by filling a 50-mL Falcon conical tube with 35 mL 1% agarose. Four glass capillary tubes (Drummond Scientific Company, Catalog #2–000-001) were inserted through the cap and secured by 200-μL pipette tips (not shown in Fig. 2A). Two tubes were filled with 10 mM sucrose, and the other two were filled with 10 mM sucrose mixed with metal ions. In SI Appendix, Fig. S1 C and D, sucrose was substituted with other sugars as indicated.
For the assay, 10 mated female flies (3 to 5 d old) were starved for 20 to 24 h and introduced into the CAFE chamber without anesthesia. The amount of consumption within 3 h was measured, and a preference index (P.I.) was calculated as (consumption from capillaries containing sucrose and metal ions − consumption from capillaries with sucrose alone)/(total consumption). Rarely, the total consumption volume in an individual Falcon conical tube was less than 0.50 μL, and these tubes were excluded from the analysis.

Xiao S., Baik L.S., Shang X, & Carlson J.R. (2022). Meeting a threat of the Anthropocene: Taste avoidance of metal ions by Drosophila. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(25), e2204238119.

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Tick Salivary Secretion Analysis

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To detect LVS in salivary secretion of ticks infected with LVS via capillary tube-feeding, these ticks were induced to secrete saliva by injection with a secretagogue. Two days post-capillary tube feeding, ticks were immobilized dorsal side on the sticky part of duct tape placed on a double-sided adhesive tape. Ticks were then injected i.h. with 4 μL of 1 mM dopamine, 1 mM theophilline and 3% DMSO in PBS (pH 7.3) [17 ] every 15 min for 1 h. Saliva was collected in a 10 μL (internal diameter of 0.0219 inch) volume glass capillary tubes (Drummond Scientific Company, Broomall, PA) placed over the hypostome of the tick. The capillary tube for collecting saliva was held in place using modeling clay.

Mani R.J., Metcalf J.A, & Clinkenbeard K.D. (2015). Amblyomma americanum as a Bridging Vector for Human Infection with Francisella tularensis. PLoS ONE, 10(6), e0130513.

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Drosophila Feeding Preference Assay

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The CAFÉ assay was performed as described in Delventhal et al. (Delventhal et al., 2017 (link)), similar to the assay described originally (Ja et al., 2007 (link)). A chamber was prepared by filling a 50 ml plastic Falcon conical tube with 30 ml of 2% agarose. Two holes were punched into the cap, and shortened 1 ml pipette tips were inserted through the holes partially into the chamber. Calibrated glass capillary tubes (Drummond Scientific Company, Catalog #2–000-001) were filled with liquid food by capillary action and inserted into the chamber through the pipette tips. Two tubes with liquid food were present in each chamber: one with 1 mM sucrose alone and the other with 1 mM sucrose and 10mM of an individual amino acid.
For the assay, 13 female and 2 male flies (all 7 days old) were introduced into the CAFÉ chamber, and starved overnight in a 25°C, 50% humidity-controlled room. Two capillary tubes were introduced the next morning, and flies were given four hours to ingest the liquid food. Both individual capillaries must have had at least 0.05μL consumed and a total consumption volume of 0.18μL for a PI calculation; only a small fraction of vials did not meet this criterion. Average values ± SEM are given.

Park J, & Carlson J.R. (2017). Physiological responses of the Drosophila labellum to amino acids. Journal of neurogenetics, 32(1), 27-36.

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Stereotactic Viral Injections in Mice

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Stereotactic injections were performed at P0 or P1 with glass micropipettes attached to a Nanoject2 (Drummond) injector. Glass micropipettes were pulled from glass capillary tubes (Drummond) to a tip diameter of ~ 20 μm. Mice were anesthetized by hypothermia. Volume delivered per injection was 4.6 or 9.2 nL at a rate of every 5 seconds. Barrel field was located at 1.5 mm lateral to the sagittal suture and 1.4 mm rostral from the lambda suture. The following viruses were used: AAV8.HI.hSyn.Cre.eGFP (UPenn viral core), AAV1.CAG.flex.GFP (UPenn viral core), AAVDJ.EF1a.DIO.Kir2.1.t2a.zsGreen (a gift from Marc Fuccillo), AAV1.CAG.flex.jRGECO1a (Addgene 100852), AAV1.hsyn.GCaMP6s (UPenn viral core), AAV1.ef1a.DIO.GCaMP6s-P2A-nls-dTomato (Addgene 51082), AAV1.CMV.flex.TeLC.eGFP (gift from Peter Wulff), AAV8.EF1a.fDIO.mCherry.WPRE (Stanford viral core), and AAV1.EF1a.double floxed.hChR2(H134R)-EYFP.WPRE.HGHpA (Addgene 20298). Total volume delivered was kept constant within the same set of experiments. For single virus experiments, the volume delivered was 12 × 9.2 nL, except for Kir2.1 density experiments, where 3 injections of 10 × 9.2 nL were delivered due to its lower infection efficiency. In experiments involving two viruses, we used a 1:1 ratio except 2:1 for AAV1.hsyn.GCaMP6s : AAV1.ef1a.DIO.GCaMP6s. Total volume delivered was 25 × 9.2 nL.

Duan Z.R., Che A., Chu P., Modol L., Bollmann Y., Babij R., Fetcho R.N., Otsuka T., Fuccillo M.V., Liston C., Pisapia D.J., Cossart R, & De Marco García N.V. (2019). “GABAergic restriction of network dynamics regulates interneuron survival in the developing cortex”. Neuron, 105(1), 75-92.e5.

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Parylene-Coated Capillary Tube for Blood Viscosity

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A glass capillary tube (1‐000‐0050, Drummond Scientific, O.D. = 940 μm, I.D. = 447 μm) was uniformly coated with Parylene-N (thickness = 2 μm), a transparent and biocompatible polymer, by chemical vapor deposition (PDS 2010, SCS) at room temperature to maintain a ~90° water contact angle and minimize the capillary pressure. While one end of the tube acted as the inlet for blood inflow, the other end was connected to a vacuum chamber to generate a pneumatic pressure difference Δp = 0.9 bar (Figure S2). The viscosity of blood μwas calculated from the Hagen-Poiseuille equation:

Δ p = μ \frac{32 L (t) v (t)}{d^{2}}

where d is the tube diameter, L(t) the length of the blood column and v(t) the mean flow velocity. The shear stress and shear rate at the inner tube wall are as follows:

τ_{w} = \frac{d Δ p}{4 L (t)}, {\dot{γ}}_{w} = \frac{8 v (t)}{d}

Lee J., Chou T.C., Kang D., Kang H., Chen J., Baek K.I., Wang W., Ding Y., Carlo D.D., Tai Y.C, & Hsiai T.K. (2017). A Rapid Capillary-Pressure Driven Micro-Channel to Demonstrate Newtonian Fluid Behavior of Zebrafish Blood at High Shear Rates. Scientific Reports, 7, 1980.

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Hemolymph Sampling and JH Titer Analysis

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Hemolymph samples were collected from bees of the CA-, Sham, and Control treatments at seven day of age. The bees were chilled on ice for 3–5 min and fixed with modeling clay on a wax base surgical plate with the dorsal parts facing up. We opened a small incision in the membrane connecting the head and the thorax and drew a hemolymph sample using a 10 µl glass capillary tube (Drummond, Cat #: 5-000-1001). We collected 1–7 µl of hemolymph from each bee, immediately transferred the sample into a 5 ml glass vial containing 500 µl of HPLC grade acetonitrile (Bio-Lab, Cat # 01203501), and secured the vial with a Teflon-lined cap. The samples were kept frozen (−20°C) until shipped on dry ice to Michigan State University for analysis. We measured JH titers using a radioimmunoassay as described in [29] (link). The samples were coded such that the individual performing the RIA was blind to the treatment. We used one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc test to compare JH titers for bees subjected to different treatments. We used SPSS 17.0 software (IBM) for all statistical analyses.

Shpigler H., Amsalem E., Huang Z.Y., Cohen M., Siegel A.J., Hefetz A, & Bloch G. (2014). Gonadotropic and Physiological Functions of Juvenile Hormone in Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Workers. PLoS ONE, 9(6), e100650.

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Tear Cytokine Profiling in Young and Aged Mice

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Tear washings were collected from young (2M) and 16M female B6 mice.
Briefly, 1.5 μL of phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.1% bovine serum
albumin was instilled into the conjunctival sac. The tear fluid and buffer were
collected with a 1μL volume glass capillary tube (Drummond Scientific Co,
Broomhall, PA) by capillary action from the tear meniscus in the lateral canthus
and stored at 80°C until the assay was performed. One sample consisted of
tear washings from both eyes of two mice pooled (4 μL) in
phosphate-buffered saline with 0.1% bovine serum albumin (6 μL). There
were 5 to 10 samples per group: one sample equals tear washing pooled from 4
eyes. Samples were added to wells containing the appropriate cytokine bead
mixture that included mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for TNF, chemokine
CXC motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) ligand 1, and VEGF (Millipore, Burlington, MA), as
previously reported.^{24 (link)} The
reactions were detected with streptavidin-phycoerythrin using a Luminex 100 IS
2.3 system (Austin, TX). Results are presented as mean±SD (pg/mL). The
inferior levels of detection were 2.9 pgm/ml (TNF), 1.5 pg/ml (VEGF), and 1.92
(CXCL1) pg/ml.

Perron H., Garson J.A., Bedin F., Beseme F., Paranhos-Baccala G., Komurian-Pradel F., Mallet F., Tuke P.W., Voisset C., Blond J.L., Lalande B., Seigneurin J.M., Mandrand B, & Sclerosis T.C. (1997). Molecular identification of a novel retrovirus repeatedly isolated from patients with multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94(14), 7583-7588.

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Tear Ferning Analysis Across Diurnal Cycle

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The tear samples were collected at four different times during the day (9am, 11am, 2pm and 4pm). Each sample (1µl) was collected from the lower meniscus of the right eye only using a glass capillary tube (10µl, Drummond Scientific Company, USA) and allowed to dry on a clean, unused glass slide for 10 minutes under normal room temperature (23ºC) and humidity (40%). Samples were immediately observed under digital microscope (Olympus DP72) with 10X magnification. 35 Each ferning pattern observed was graded using the Masmali TF grading scale 33 in 0.1 increments to improve grade refinement. 39

Masmali A.M., Al-Bahlal J.M., El-Hiti G.A., Akhtar S., Purslow C., Murphy P.J, & Almubrad T. (2015). Repeatability and Diurnal Variation of Tear Ferning Test. Eye & contact lens, 41(5).

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Tear Sample Collection Protocol

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Tear sample collection was performed twice per visit:
(1) after wearing the CL for 15 minutes and just before the exposure to each environmental condition (PRE) and ( 2) immediately after 90 minutes of exposure (POST).
A 4-mL sample of basal tears was collected from the external canthus using a glass capillary tube (Drummond Scientific, Broomall, PA) in a nontraumatic way, trying to avoid reflex tear secretion as much as possible. Tear samples were diluted (1/10) in assay buffer and frozen as described previously. 27

Martín-Montañez V., Enríquez-de-Salamanca A., López-de la Rosa A., López-Miguel A., Fernández I., Calonge M., González-Méijome J.M, & González-García M.J. (2016). Effect of Environmental Conditions on the Concentration of Tear Inflammatory Mediators During Contact Lens Wear. Cornea, 35(9).

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