Polyoxyethylene castor oil (Cremophor®EL) was purchased from BASF SE (Ludwigshafen, Germany); highly purified diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol®P) was obtained from Gattefossé (Saint-Priest Cedex, France); CRT was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Lipoid GmBH (Köln, Germany) provided free Phospholipon 90G samples. From S.D. Fine Chemicals Ltd. (Mumbai, India), Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 20, and Span 80 were purchased. Absolute ethanol was purchased from Bengal Chemicals Ltd. (Kolkata, India). Pluronic®F-127 was procured from BASF Corporation (Florham Park, NJ). In this work, all other compounds were of analytical quality, and double distilled water was used.
Cremophor el
Manufactured by BASF
Sourced in Germany, United Kingdom, India, United States, China
Cremophor EL is a non-ionic surfactant derived from castor oil. It is commonly used as an emulsifier and solubilizer in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cremophor rh40, by BASF (17 mentions)
Capryol 90, by Gattefosse (17 mentions)
Labrasol, by Gattefosse (16 mentions)
Transcutol p, by Gattefosse (12 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Transcutol hp, by Gattefosse (10 mentions)
Peceol, by Gattefosse (7 mentions)
Labrafil m 1944 cs, by Gattefosse (7 mentions)
Lauroglycol 90, by Gattefosse (6 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Pluronic f127, by BASF (5 mentions)
Labrafac pg, by Gattefosse (5 mentions)
Tween 20, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Methanol, by Avantor (5 mentions)
Tetraglycol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Capryol pgmc, by Gattefosse (4 mentions)
Lauroglycol fcc, by Gattefosse (4 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Milli q integral water purification system, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Milli q purification system, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
82 protocols using cremophor el
1
Formulation and Characterization of Lipid-based Nanocarriers
2
Aconitine Cytotoxicity Evaluation in Skin Cells
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Diethylene glycol single ethyl ether (Transcotol® P) was obtained from Gattefossé (Lyon, France). Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-35 castor oil (Cremophor® EL) was obtained from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Aconitine (purity> 98.0%) was supplied by Ze-lang BioScience (Nanjing, China). Methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) and materials used in cell culture were purchased from Gibco (ThermoFisher Scientific Inc., Grand Island, NY, USA). Hoechst 33,342 and LysoTracker Red were supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). All other chemicals were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
Male Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing 300 ± 20 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The study protocol was approved in April 2019 by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (license numbers: SYXK [Hu] 2008-0050, SYXK [Hu] 2009-0069).
The HaCaT cell line was obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA), and the CCC-ESF-1 cell line was provided by the Cell Culture Center of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China).
Male Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing 300 ± 20 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The study protocol was approved in April 2019 by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (license numbers: SYXK [Hu] 2008-0050, SYXK [Hu] 2009-0069).
The HaCaT cell line was obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA), and the CCC-ESF-1 cell line was provided by the Cell Culture Center of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China).
3
Curcumin-loaded Nanoparticle Apoptosis Assay
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The SN38, Curcumin (Cur), LysoTracker, AannexinV-FITC apoptosis detection kit were purchased from MEILUN Biology Technology Co., LTD. (Dalian, China). The DSPE-mPEG2000 was purchased from Lipoid GmbH (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Cremophor EL was obtained from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Lipophilic Cur prodrug was synthesized according to previous report (Li et al., 2018 ). All solvents used in this study were analytical grade. Male BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old) and Sprague–Dawley rats (200–250 g) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center of Chengdu Medical college (Chengdu, China). All studies involving mice were approved by the institute’s animal care and use committee.
4
Formulation and Evaluation of Enzalutamide Soft Capsules
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ENZ was purchased from MSN Labratories Private Ltd. (Telangana, India). The Xtandi® soft capsule, TPGS and MCT oil were supplied by Boryung Corporation (Seoul, Republic of Korea). Labrafac PG, Peceol, Labrasol, Capryol 90, Transcutol P, and Lauroglycol 90 were obtained from Gattefosse (St. Priest, France). Cremophor EL, Cremophor RH60, and Solutol HS15 were supplied by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Castor oil, coconut oil, olive oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil, peanut oil, polysorbate 80, ammonium acetate, acetone, and acetonitrile were purchased from Daejung Co. Ltd. (Siheung, Republic of Korea). Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was purchased from Duksan Pure Chemical (Ansan, Republic of Korea). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.
5
Baicalin-Loaded Nanoemulsion Formulation
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Baicalin (BN) was obtained from Shanxi Zelang Phytoextraction Co., Ltd. (Xi'an, China). Compritol 888 ATO, a hydrophobic mixture of mono-, di- and tri-behenate of glycerol, was kindly gifted by Gattefosse (Paris, France); Miglyol 812N, mixtures of Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides, was provided by Sasol (Witten, Germany); Soy lecithin was supplied by Taiwei pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); Cremophor EL was provided by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS, Mw = 197.17 kDa) was supplied by Eisie Chemical Co., Ltd (Zhejiang, China); Poloxamer 407 (F127) was acquired from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany); Genipin (GP) was provided by Challenge Bioproducts (Taichung, Taiwan). Coumarin-6 (C6) was supplied by Aladdin Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). All other reagents were of analytical grade or better.
6
Curcumin and Thymoquinone Formulation
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Curcumin (CUR, 99.5% pure) was purchased from Enzo life Sciences, (Lausen, Switzerland) and THQ (purity >99.8%) from Sigma Aldrich Company St Louis, MO, USA. Sodium chloride (NaCl), and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) were obtained from (BDH laboratories Ltd. UK). The high purity water was obtained through a Milli-Q Integral Water Purification System (Millipore, Bedford, MA). Imwitor 988 (I988, medium chain mono- and diglycerides), and HCO40 (PEG-40-hydrogenated castor oil) were obtained as gift from Nikko Chemicals Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Black seed oil (BSO) was collected directly from naturally obtained Nigella Sativa seeds by cold pressing (100% pure, no added solvents). The amount of thymoquinone was available in the BSO depending on the ratio used in the formulations. CrEL (Cremophor EL), and CrRH40 (Cremophor RH40) were purchased from BASF, Germany. Transcutol P (TcP) was kindly supplied by Gattefossé, France. Neusilin® US2 grade substance as adsorbent (fine powder of Magnesium Alumino Metasilicate) was obtained from Fuji Chemical Industry, Japan. Another adsorbent Syloid® 244 FP silica material was purchased from W. R. Grace & Co., USA. All other chemicals and solvents used in the studies were analytically pure and or HPLC grade, respectively.
7
Formulation and Evaluation of Ophthalmic Nanoparticles
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For NE preparation the following substances were used: castor oil, virgin (Kemig, Croatia), Miglyol ® 812 (Kemig), sesame oil, super refined (Croda International Pic, United Kingdom), soybean oil, refined (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), Cremophor ® EL (BASF, Germany), Pluronic ® F68 (Sigma-Aldrich), Tween ® 60 (Sigma-Aldrich), Tween ® 80 (Kemig), glycerol (T.T.T., Croatia) and stearylamine (Sigma-Aldrich). MTT reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) purchased from AppliChem (Germany) was used to determine cell viability in in vitro biocompatibility study. Porcine gastric mucin type II (Sigma-Aldrich) was used for in vitro study of mucoadhesion. Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) pH 7.4 was prepared as an aqueous solution containing: KCl (5.37 mmol L -1 ), NaHCO 3 (4.17 mmol L -1 ), NaCl (136.89 mmol L -1 ), MgSO 4 ×7H 2 O (0.41 mmol L -1 ), d-glucose monohydrate (5.55 mmol L -1 ) (all purchased from Kemig), KH 2 PO 4 (0.44 mmol L -1 ; Kemika, Croatia), Na 2 HPO 4 ×2H 2 O (0.34 mmol L -1 ; Fluka Chemie AG, Switzerland), MgCl 2 ×6H 2 O (0.49 mmol L -1 ; Merck, Germany), CaCl 2 ×2H 2 O (1.26 mmol L -1 ; Sigma-Aldrich) and HEPES (30.00 mmol L -1 ; AppliChem). Simulated tear fluid (STF) pH 7.4 was prepared as an aqueous solution containig: KCl (18.78 mmol L -1 ), NaCl (116.35 mmol L -1 ), NaHCO 3 (26.19 mmol L -1 ) and CaCl 2 ×2H 2 O (0.54 mmol L -1 ).
8
Curcumin-loaded Nanoparticle Formulation
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Curcumin was purchased from Pi Chemicals Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The surfactant Tween 80 was acquired from EMD Millipore Corporation (Billerica, MA, USA). Glycerol, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) tablets, and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA. Caprylocaproyl macrogol-8-glyceride (Labrasol ® ) was a kindly gift from Gattefossé (St Priest, France), and polyoxyl 35 castor oil (Cremophor ® EL) from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). All other chemicals and drug used were of analytical grade.
9
Optimization of Cholesterol-Based Nanoparticles
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DCN was a kind gift from EVA Pharmaceutical Industries (Cairo, Egypt). Cholesterol (CH), Span 60 (sorbitan monostearate), Brij S2 (polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl ether), Brij C10 (polyoxyethylene (10) cetyl ether), and acetonitrile (HPLC grade) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). Sodium taurocholate (STC), Cremophor EL, and Cremophor RH 40 were acquired from BASF Co. (Florham Park, NJ). Methanol, chloroform, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and sodium chloride were purchased from El-Nasr Pharmaceutical Chemicals Co. (Abu-Zaabal, Cairo, Egypt). All other reagents were of analytical grade and were used as received.
10
Formulation Development of Lipid-Based Drug Delivery System
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FNB was purchased from Nhwa Pharmaceutical Group (Xuzhou, China). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) was kindly gifted from China Division, ISP Chemicals Co. (Shanghai, China). Non-pareil pellets (Suglets® sugar spheres PF101, 710–850 μm in diameter) were provided by NP Pharm (Bazainville, France). Precirol ATO 5 and Captex 100 were kindly provided by Gattefossé Co. (Saint Priest, Cedex, France) and Abitec Co. (OH, USA), respectively. Polysorbate 80 (Tween-80) was supplied by Shenyu Pharmaceutical and Chemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai). Oleoyl macrogolglycerides (Labrafil M® 1944 CS) and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol P®) were purchased from Gattefossé Co. Ethoxylated castor oil (Cremophor® EL) was obtained from BASF Corporation (Ludwigshafen, Germany). HPLC grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from Tedia (Carson City, NV, USA). Deionized water was prepared using a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and were used as received.
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