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Allopurinol

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Allopurinol is a laboratory reagent used in the analysis and research of purine metabolism. It is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, which helps in the regulation of uric acid levels. Allopurinol is widely used in various biochemical and pharmaceutical applications.

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3 protocols using allopurinol

1

Polyphenol Modulation of Hyperuricemia in Rats

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The experimental design was performed as described in previous studies with some modifications (Li et al., 2017 (link)). Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10) and orally administered an equal 10 ml/kg dose of a normal saline solution (the control group and model group), 10 mg/kg allopurinol (Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., China) (the positive control group), 150 mg/kg polyphenols from wild P. igniarius (the WPP-treated group) and 150 mg/kg polyphenols from cultivated P. igniarius (the CPP-treated group) for 7 days. Yeast extract (Beyotime Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., China) (10 g/kg) and adenine (Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., China) (100 mg/kg) were gavaged 12 h prior to allopurinol, WPP, and CPP administration every day except for the control group. The model group, positive control group, WPP-treated group and CPP-treated group were intraperitoneally injected with potassium oxonate (Yuanye Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., China) (300 mg/kg) on days 1, 3, and 7, while the control group was injected with an equal volume of vehicle (0.5% CMC-Na).
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2

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Assays

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MEM and antibiotics (streptomycin and penicillin) were from HyClone, USA. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Gemini Bio-products, USA. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Xanthine oxidase (XOD, from bovine milk) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP, 99%), 4-Hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (4-HPEA, 98%), and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBA, 98%) were purchased from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Xanthine and allopurinol were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was obtained from Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd (Guangdong, China). All reagents were analytical grade. The deionized water was obtained from the Milli-Q Reagent Water System of Milliore Co. (Milford, MA).
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3

Bovine Milk Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

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Bovine milk xanthine oxidase (EC1.17.3.2, 0.5 units/mg protein) and xanthine (>98%) were bought from Solarbio (Beijing, China) and were stored at 4°C . Allopurinol was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The peptides used in this study were synthesized by conventional Fmoc solid-phase from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and the purity of peptides were not less than 98%. Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid, and Methylalcohol are chromatographic. Methylalcohol was purchased from Thermo fisher Scientific (Shanghai, China). Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide was purchased from TCL (Shanghai, China). Glacial acetic acid was purchased from FUCHEN Chemical reagents Co. (Tianjin, China). Other reagents were analytical reagents.
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