Rapidia auto hba1c l

Before blood sampling, a single experienced physician measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) using an automated device (BP-103i2; OMRON COLIN, Tokyo, Japan) with an appropriate cuff size based on the upper arm circumference of each participant [29 (link)]. BP measurement was performed with participants in a quiet, sitting position for 5 min, with their back and left arm supported and both feet on the floor, at an appropriate ambient temperature as previously described [22 (link)]. The mean value of the two measurements was used for analysis. Non-fasting blood samples were collected by nurses. Total cholesterol (T-C) in serum was measured enzymatically using a commercially available kit (T-CHO-P·KL; Sysmex Co. Ltd., Kobe, Japan). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum were measured by the direct method using commercial kits (Cholestest LDL and Cholestest N HDL; Sekisui Medical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c: National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program) in the whole blood was measured by latex-agglutination test using a commercial kit (RAPIDIA® Auto HbA1c-L; Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan).

Blood glucose was measured in whole blood from rats with Quick Autoneo GLU-HK (Shino-Test Corp, Tokyo, Japan). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured in whole blood from rats with RAPIDIA Auto HbA1c-L (Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Serum UN and creatinine were measured by SRL Inc. (Wako, Saitama, Japan). Twenty-four-hour urine was collected in metabolic cages, and urinary albumin and urinary creatinine were also measured by SRL Inc. Urinary protein excretion was determined with a protein assay kit from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). Urinary albumin excretion was expressed as albumin/creatinine ratio.

HbA1c, glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, RBP4, glycoalbumin, and hs-CRP were measured using commercially available ELISA kits {HbA1c: RAPIDIA Auto HbA1c-L [Fujirebio Inc. (Tokyo, Japan)]; glucose: Cica liquid GLU J [KANTO CHEMICAL Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan)]; insulin: Lumipulse Presto Insulin (Fujirebio Inc.); leptin: Human leptin RIA kit [Millipore Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan)]; adiponectin: CircuLexTM Human adiponectin ELISA Kit CY-8050 [MBL Co., Ltd. (Nagano, Japan)]; RBP4: CircuLex Human RBP4 ELISA Kit (MBL Co., Ltd.); glycoalbumin: Lucia GA-L [Asahi KASEI Pharma Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan)]; and hs-CRP: CircuLexTM Human HS-CRP ELISA Kit CY-8071 (MBL Co., Ltd.)}. Oxidative stress markers were measured according to our previous reports.^{(7 (link),8 (link),19 (link))} In this study, normal HbA1c was defined at 4.6 to 5.5%, while HbA1c levels >6.5% were considered to indicate diabetes. The HbA1c levels of 5.5–6.5% are considered to be borderline, and the diagnosis and treatment by physicians vary depending on the the protocol followed in the clinical setting in different countries.