Lc ms grade solvents

Unless otherwise stated, chemical reagents were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich, Purelink RNA extraction kits were purchased from Life Technologies, LC‐MS grade solvents from Thermo Fisher, and RNA and DNA oligonucleotides from Integrated DNA Technologies.

LC-MS grade solvents (water,
acetonitrile, and isopropanol), formic acid (FA), and trifluoroacetic
acid (TFA) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham,
MA) or Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Trypsin and trypsin/Lys-C proteases
(MS grade) were from Promega (Madison, WI); RapiGest detergent was
from Waters (Eschborn, Germany), and other common chemicals were from
Sigma-Aldrich (Munich, Germany). Polyacrylamide gradient gels (4–20%)
were from Serva Electrophoresis GmbH (Heidelberg, Germany). Protein
standards, glycogen phosphorylase (GP), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH),
enolase (ENO), and ubiquitin (UBI), were purchased as a lyophilized
powder from Sigma-Aldrich. The reference protein standard (BSA, Pierce
grade, in ampules) was from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA).
Isotopically labeled amino acids (¹³C₆,¹⁵N₄-l-arginine (R) and ¹³C₆-l-lysine (K)) were purchased from Silantes GmbH
(Munich, Germany).

All unlabeled standards and pyridine were ordered from Millipore-Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Labeled standards ([U-¹³C₂]-glycine, [U-¹³C₆]-glucose, [U-¹³C₄]-fumarate, and ¹³C-benzoic acid) were ordered from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc (Tewksbury, MA, USA). LC-MS grade solvents (chloroform, methanol, acetonitrile) and N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (MSTFA + 1% TMCS) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). All chemicals used were analytical grade unless stated otherwise.