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26 protocols using mirax scanner

1

Histological Analysis of 3D Printed Implants

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Histological slices were made according to the standard procedure after decalcification of the explanted calvaria in the “Biodek-R” solution (Bio-Optica, Italy). All sections were made strictly in the frontal plane through the center of the implant with preservation of parietal bones fragments attached to each side of the 3D printed block (length of the sample was about 25 mm). Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and subjected to scanning (Mirax scanner, Carl Zeiss, Germany). Digital images of the histotopograms were analyzed at various magnifications.
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2

Histological Analysis of Tumor Necrosis

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The rabbits were sacrificed immediately after treatment. Liver lobes with tumor nodules were harvested, fixed in formalin, and then embedded in paraffin. Samples were cut into 4 mm cryosections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and then subjected to terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) for apoptosis analysis.
H&E staining was completed by using a standard protocol for gross histological assessment of cellular density, necrosis, and fibrosis. Images of tumor sections stained with H&E were acquired with a Mirax Scanner (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) by using a 20x objective. The percentage of necrotic area was assessed under a 1000x objective. The degree of apoptosis and tumor necrosis were assessed with TUNEL staining (Roche Diagnostics) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Tumor necrosis rate was measured by ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). The necrosis rate (%) was calculated by the following formula: necrosis rate (%) = (overall area − survival area)/overall area 100%.
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3

Histopathological Analysis of Mice Tissues

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Mice were sacrificed and autopsied, and dissected tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, dehydrated, and embedded in paraffin. Paraffin blocks were sectioned at 4 μm thickness and stained with H&E. Differential blood counts were realized on blood smears stained using Wright-Giemsa staining. Images were acquired using an Axio Observer A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss), BX-61 microscope (Olympus), or scanned using a MIRAX Scanner (Zeiss). All histological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence tissues analyses underwent blinded review by both a board-certified veterinary pathologist (SM) as well as board-certified hematopathologist (BHD).
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) was performed on a Leica Bond RX automated stainer as follows. After heat induced epitope retrieval in a pH 6.0 citrate buffer, the primary antibody was applied (rabbit polyclonal anti-CC3 antibody, Cell Signaling #9661, 1:250 dilution), followed by a polymer detection kit used as instructed by the vendor (DS9800, Novocastra Bond Polymer Refine Detection, Leica Biosystems). The chromogen was 3,3 diaminobenzidine tetrachloride (DAB), and sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. H&E and CC3 stained slides of embryo were examined in all major organs and CC3 positive cell quantification on whole liver sections was performed in Qupath 0.3.0 (33 (link)).
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4

Tissue Histology Imaging Protocol

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Standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) protocol was applied according to the supplier’s instructions (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). After the staining and drying, the slides were imaged with a microscope using bright field light microscope Leica DM6000B (Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) and MIRAX scanner (Zeiss, Breda, The Netherlands) at a resolution of 0.5 μm. The histological image was manually segmented into classes of interest, the details are presented in the data description section.
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of NCAM

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For histologic evaluation of primary tumor and metastasis tissues, samples were fixed for 48 h in 4% formalin, embedded in paraffin, cut into 4 µm thin sections and H&E-stained. Consecutive slides were used for immunohistochemistry against human NCAM (CD56): after de-paraffinization, antigen retrieval was performed with Dako S1699 Retrieval Solution at pH6 in a microwave for 2 × 4 min. Final concentration of the primary antibody (anti-NCAM, Leica #NCL-CD56-1B6) was 0.88 µg/mL and visualization of bound antibody was performed with the LSAB + Dako Real Detection System K5005. H&E- as well as anti-NCAM-stained slides were digitalized using a Mirax scanner (Zeiss, Jena, Germany). Photomicrographs were taken using Pannoramic viewer 1.15.2 SP 2 (3D Histech, Budapest, Hungary).
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6

Histological Evaluation of Murine Thymus

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Dorsal skin from mice was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (Sigma, HT501128), processed with a microwave hybrid tissue processor (LOGOS, Milestone Medical), embedded in paraffin, sectioned (Microm, HM 355), and stained with hematoxylin and eosin in an automated stainer (Microm HMS 740). Slides were evaluated and scored by a board-certified veterinary comparative pathologist. For histological analysis of the cortico-medullary organization of the thymus, 2.5-μm paraffin-sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Slides were then scanned on a Mirax Scanner (Zeiss).
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7

Histological Analysis of Tissue Samples

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Mice were sacrificed and autopsied, and dissected tissue samples were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, dehydrated, and embedded in paraffin. Paraffin blocks were sectioned at 4 μm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Images were acquired using an Axio Observer A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss) or scanned using a MIRAX Scanner (Zeiss).
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8

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Paraffin-Embedded Cardiac Tissue

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Paraffin sections (2 µm) were processed for immunohistochemistry [28 (link)]. Sections were deparaffinized with Roti®-Histol (Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany 6640) and hydrated by ethanol gradient (100–40%). H&E staining was performed by firstly adding hematoxylin solution (Sigma-Aldrich, GHS316) for 45 s followed by 10 s tap water and incubation of Eosin (Sigma-Aldrich, HT110232) for 1 min. After staining, samples were mounted with Entellan® (VWR, Radnor, PA, USA 1079610500). Whole heart sections were scanned using MIRAX Scanner from Zeiss (Oberkochen, Germany). Quantification of stained area (cell size) was performed using software MIRAX Viewer and ZEN 2 (blue edition) both from Zeiss.
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9

Quantification of Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling

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At the end of the study hearts were excised and representative pieces of left ventricles were fixed in 4% formaldehyde after rinsing with saline. For analysis of cardiac fibrosis, 5-μm sections of paraffin embedded hearts were stained with picrosirius red. Stained sections were digitalized with a SCN400 slide scanner (Leica Biosystems, Wetzlar, Germany). Quantification was made with Tissue IA software (Leica Biosystems, Dublin, Ireland). Area occupied by interstitial fibrosis was expressed as a percentage of total myocardial area. To quantify transverse cardiomyocyte area and capillary density, cryosections were stained with Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) as a membrane marker, and with biotinylated-Isolectine B4 as an endothelial marker. Mounted slides were observed with an Axioimager Z1/Apotome microscope equipped with a MRM camera (Zeiss, Germany). The data analysis was performed with Axiovision software (Zeiss, Germany). A minimum of 40 to 100 cells from 9 sections were measured in each heart. Other heart cryosections were incubated with antibodies raised against the monocyte marker CD11b and the lymphocytic marker CD45 (rat anti-CD11b and rat anti-CD45, both from BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA). Slides were scanned with a MIRAX Scanner (Zeiss, Germany) and analyzed with FRIDA software (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD). All analyses were performed on a blinded basis.
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10

Histopathological Analysis of Aortic Valves

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Paraffin sections of hearts and lungs (4‐µm slices) were processed for immunohistochemistry. Whole hearts of neonatal pups, C57BL/6J mice, and NZO mice in the 22nd week of age were harvested for histopathological examination of AoVs in short‐axis view. Samples were fixed for 24 hours in 4% formalin (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) and stored in 70% ethanol. After microdissection of aortic roots, tissue samples were embedded in Tissue‐Tek OCT compound (Sakura Finetek, Alphen aan den Rijn, the Netherlands), frozen in 2‐methylbutane (Thermo Scientific), cooled with dry ice, and sectioned into 6‐μm slices. Special care was taken that AoVs were kept intact to ensure best quality for histological analyses. Samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to visualize anatomic and morphologic structure of AoVs. Longitudinal cross‐sections of AoVs from C57BL/6J and NZO mice were used for picrosirius red, Alizarin red, and Movat pentachrome staining. For overview images, longitudinal and cross‐sectional heart slides and lungs were scanned using a MIRAX scanner (Zeiss, Ulm, Germany), which allows us to obtain digitized images of whole stained organ sections (scale, 2 mm). Quantification of images was performed using the image analysis tool from Zeiss ZEN 3.0 (blue edition) software, calculating the tissue area in pixel² and the percentage of stained area from total tissue area.
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