PBMC isolated from CVID patients and HC were stained with surface antibodies against CD45RA‐FITC (
REA1047, Miltenyi Biotec), CD3‐PE (SK7, BD bioscience), CD4‐PO (VIT4, Miltenyi Biotec),
CXCR5‐Brilliant Violet 421 (J252D4, BioLegend), CD25‐APC (BC96, BioLegend) (Supporting Information Table
S4, staining panel D) and FACS‐sorted into cTfh (CD4
+CD45RA
−CXCR5
−), T naïve (CD4
+CD45RA
+), and Tconv (CD4
+CD45RA
−CXCR5
−) (
FACS Aria Fusion [BD]). cTfh, T naïve, and Tconv, once isolated, were seeded in a 96‐wells plate, activated with anti‐CD3/CD28 beads (1:3 ratio, cells:beads) in complete medium (RPMI 10%FBS, PS/G) and incubated for 4 days at 37°C. At the end of incubation, cells were stained with Annexin V/propidium iodine (PI) following the
FITC Annexin‐V Apoptosis Detection Kit I BD Pharmingen (Cat. 556547) protocol (Supporting Information Table
S4, staining panel E). Cells were acquired on
FACS CantoII (BD) and analyzed with FlowJo (Tree Star) software.
Milardi G., Di Lorenzo B., Gerosa J., Barzaghi F., Di Matteo G., Omrani M., Jofra T., Merelli I., Barcella M., Filippini M., Conti A., Ferrua F., Pozzo Giuffrida F., Dionisio F., Rovere‐Querini P., Marktel S., Assanelli A., Piemontese S., Brigida I., Zoccolillo M., Cirillo E., Giardino G., Danieli M.G., Specchia F., Pacillo L., Di Cesare S., Giancotta C., Romano F., Matarese A., Chetta A.A., Trimarchi M., Laurenzi A., De Pellegrin M., Darin S., Montin D., Marinoni M., Dellepiane R.M., Sordi V., Lougaris V., Vacca A., Melzi R., Nano R., Azzari C., Bongiovanni L., Pignata C., Cancrini C., Plebani A., Piemonti L., Petrovas C., Di Micco R., Ponzoni M., Aiuti A., Cicalese M.P, & Fousteri G. (2022). Follicular helper T cell signature of replicative exhaustion, apoptosis, and senescence in common variable immunodeficiency. European Journal of Immunology, 52(7), 1171-1189.