264 stadiometer

A detailed manual with instructions for all adult measurement techniques, the methods for multicentre standardisation of those measures, and the procedures for the calibration and maintenance of equipment have been published elsewhere.33 (link)
34 (link)
35 All documentation, protocols, data collection forms, and electronic transfer strategies are available at www.intergrowth21.org. Briefly, the women’s height and weight were measured in duplicate with a Seca 264 stadiometer and Seca 877 scale (Seca, Germany), respectively, on study entry between 9 and 13⁺⁶ weeks’ gestation. A first trimester body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorised as normal weight (18.50-24.99) or overweight (25.00-29.99), according to the WHO definition.36 The same standardised methods and clinical procedures were used to measure maternal weight every five weeks (plus/minus one week) until delivery, so that the possible ranges after recruitment in which weight was measured were 14-18, 19-23, 24-28, 29-33, 34-38, and 39-42 weeks’ gestation.35

Height and weight were measured by trained assessors in clinic. The assessors were informed about study participation, but not treatment assignment. Height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm with an electronic wall‐mounted seca 264 stadiometer (Seca), and weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg using a digital InBody720 scale (Biospace). Measurements were taken with participants wearing light indoor clothing only (without socks and shoes).¹⁹ Weight status was assessed using two metrics converted from the BMI (kg/m²): BMI standard deviation score (SDS) and percentage above the IOTF cut‐off for overweight²¹ (%IOTF‐25). The BMI SDS was calculated using the Norwegian growth reference,²⁴ whereas %IOTF‐25 is the percentage above the IOTF threshold for overweight based on a child's age and sex, calculated as 100 × (BMI/IOTF‐25).²⁵ A cut‐off point of ≤−0.25 BMI SDS was used to define a clinically relevant change from pre‐ to posttreatment in participants from each group.²⁶, ²⁷

Body mass was obtained in minimal clothing on a digital platform scale (Seca 514 mBCA, Seca North America, Chino, CA). Height was measured with shoes removed using a digital wall‐mounted stadiometer (Seca 264 Stadiometer, Seca North America, Chino, CA). Total body fat, lean mass, and visceral fat were measured by DXA with the use of a Lunar iDXA densitometer (GE Medical Systems, Madison, WI, enCORE Version 15). Participants were required to wear light clothing, remove all metal objects, and lie supine with arms at their sides during the scan.