Ionol

Potentiometric measurements were carried out using an Expert-pH pH-meter (OOO Ekoniks-expert, Moscow, Russia) with the EMF measurement function and the RS-232 interface. A two-electrode electrochemical cell was used. The working electrode was the EPV-1 redox platinum electrode, and the reference electrode was the EVL-1M silver/silver chloride electrode (Ag/AgCl/3 mol/dm³ KCl) (Gomel ZIP, Gomel, Belarus). The studies were carried out in a thermostated cell at 37 °C using the LOIP LT-205a circulation thermostat (ZAO LOIP, Saint Petersburg, Russia).
The following reagents were used in the work: 2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), α-tocopherol, 2,6-ditretbutylphenol, ionol, uric acid, glutathione (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); K₄[Fe(CN)₆], K₃[Fe(CN)₆], KH₂PO₄, Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O (Reakhim, Moscow, Russia); ascorbic acid, L-cysteine, catechol, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain). All reagents were analytical grade. The studies were carried out in phosphate buffer solution (PS) pH = 7.4 KH₂PO₄/Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O.

The following chemicals and drugs were used in the work: Propofol-Lipuro (B. Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany), diethyl ether for anesthesia (Kuzbassorghim, Kemerovo, Russia), Tween 80 and sodium nitroprusside dihydrate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), 10% neutral formalin and embedding medium Histomix (BioVitrum, Saint-Petersburg, Russia), hematoxylin (Fluca, St. Louis, MO, USA), eosin,2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, and ionol (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), (BioVitrum, Saint-Petersburg, Russia), ethanol (Konstanta-Farm M, Moscow, Russia), acetonitrile for chromatography, acetone for chromatography, and ethyl acetate (Component-Reactive, Moscow, Russia), citicoline (Recognan, Alfa Wassermann S.p.A., Bologna, Italy), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), DPPH, acetylcholine, and phenylephrine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), heptane, and isopropanol (Komponent–Reaktiv, Moscow, Russia).