Turbomass detector

In this study, pH was measured by using a pH meter (Hanna Instruments). For measuring water content, a refractometer (DR 6000, A. Krus Optronic GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) was used. UV-visible spectra were recorded by using UV-vis spectroscopy (Pg Instruments, T80). The chromatographic separation was performed with apparatus (Knauer, Berlin, Germany) equipped with a quaternary pump, auto-sampler and column oven. A Kinetex C18 reverse phase column (100 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 μm particles) and a DAD detector, programmed to an acquisition interval of 200–700 nm, were used for the proposed method. The equipment used for GC-MS analysis included a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrum (Polaris Q MS with ionic trap), the CPG is equipped with an apolar capillary column (Rtx-1 (60 m × 0.22 mm); thickness of the film 0.25 µm), coupled to a Perkin Elmer Turbo Mass detector. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using XLSTAT software (2016, France).

Anethole used for the study was obtained from a commercial anise fruit essential oil (Pollena-Aroma, Warsaw, Poland) using flash chromatographic separation on a silica gel column eluted with hexane and mixtures of hexane and diethyl ether (increasing polarity). Separation was monitored using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and the purity of the obtained compound reached 99 %. GC and GC–MS were performed on a Perkin–Elmer AutoSystem XL equipped with a Perkin–Elmer TurboMass detector and a Perkin–Elmer Elite 5MS column, 30 m × 250 µm I.D., 1 µm film thickness. Identification was carried out on the basis of comparing the mass spectrum of the compound with the mass spectrum listed by the NIST MS Library.

The fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed with a Perkin–Elmer TurboMass detector (quadrupole), directly coupled to a Perkin–Elmer Autosystem XL equipped with a fused-silica capillary column (50 m, 0.22 mm i.d., film thickness 0.25 μm), BP-1 (polydimethylsiloxane). The carrier gas was helium at 0.8 mL/min. The split was 1/75 and the injection volume was 0.5 μL. The injector temperature was 250 °C. The oven temperature was programmed from 60 °C to 220 °C at 2 °C/min and then held isothermal (20 min). The ion source temperature was 250 °C. The energy ionization was 70 eV. The electron ionization mass spectra were acquired over the mass range 40–400 Da.