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5 protocols using polysine microscope adhesion slides

1

Immunostaining of Primordial Germ Cells

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PGCs were sorted on Polysine™ Microscope Adhesion Slides (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc, USA) and left to settle in a humidified chamber at room temperature (RT) for 20-30 min before fixation with 4% PFA for 10 min at RT. Washed three times with PBS, 0.1% Tween-20, (5 min each wash) and incubated 20 min with PBS, 0.3% Triton-X buffer, and washed three times with PBS, 0.1% Tween-20 (5 min each wash). Cells were subsequently blocked for 1hr with PBS, 2.5% BSA, 0.1% Tween-20 and 5% normal goat serum at RT followed by staining with DDX4 (VASA) mouse monoclonal IgG1 Antibody (Selleckchem, Houston, USA) diluted 1:200 in the blocking solution at 4°C overnight. The slides were then washed three times with PBS, 0.1% Tween-20 (5 min each wash) and incubated with Alexa fluorophore conjugated secondary antibody (Molecular Probes) 1:500 diluted in PBS, 0.1% Tween-20 for 1 hr at room temperature in the dark, washed three times in PBS, 0.1% Tween-20 (5 min each wash) and once in PBS for 5 min. Finally, the glass bottom dishes were mounted in ProLong® Gold Antifade Mountant with DAPI (Molecular Probes) and imaged using a Zeiss Axio Imager Z1/Apotome Microscope.
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2

Immunohistochemistry of Brain Tissue

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Mice were anesthetized and perfused transcardially with sucrose 5% and paraformaldehyde 4%. Brains were removed and post-fixed overnight in paraformaldehyde 4%. The day after three washes with PBS were performed and brains were incubated for at least eight hours in 30% sucrose. Finally, brains were included in cryomolds with Tissue-Tek OCT compound (Bio-Optica) and put at − 80 °C until cryostat sectioning. Brains were cut with a cryostat and 20 μm-thick coronal slices were collected on polysine microscope adhesion slides (ThermoFisher). Slices were incubated first in blocking solution (3%BSA, 10% goat serum, 0.4% Triton-X-100, diluted in PBS) for at least 30 min and then they were incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Subsequently, three wash (10 min each) with PBS were performed and brain slices were incubated with fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories) for 1 h at room temperature. After the antibody incubation, brain slices were washed and 4',6diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining (ThermoFisher) was carried out (DAPI diluted in PBS to a final concentration of 0.5 μg/ml). Finally, another washing step is performed before mounting the coverslips with Mounting Medium (Vecta Shield). Primary antibodies used were: anti-Parvalbumin (Swant, GP72), Shank3 (homemade SHANK3rb [35 (link)]).
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3

Immunofluorescence Assay for LC3 in H1299/CDDP Cells

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H1299/CDDP cells (5 × 104) were cultured on Polysine microscope adhesion slides (Thermo Fisher) at 37 °C, 5% CO2 for 24 h. Then, cells on the slides were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and blocked with 2% BSA containing 0.1% Triton-X 100. After incubated with primary antibodies against LC3 overnight at 4 °C, cells were further incubated with FITC-conjugated secondary antibody. Afterwards, cells were washed and stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (Solarbio), imaged with a confocal laser scanning microscopy.
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4

Histological Evaluation of Neurodegeneration

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Coronal brain sections (3 mm thick) were paraffin imbedded. Five-micron thick sections were then cut on a Spencer Precision rotary microtome (American Optical, Southbridge, MA, USA), mounted on polysine microscope adhesion slides (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), and stained with a ready-to-dilute Fluoro-jade C (FJC) staining kit (Biosensis, Temecula, CA, USA) and DAPI (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), according to instructions supplied by the manufacturer. The slides were cover-slipped with a neutral mounting medium, DPX (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and imaged on a Nikon Eclipse TE2000-U inverted microscope (Nikon Instruments, Mellville, NY, USA) under blue light. FJC-positive cells in 10 different fields within the cerebral cortex, and 10 within the CA-1 region and DG of the hippocampus of brains from four mice in each treatment group were counted manually and expressed as number of FJC-positive cells per field.
Similarly, 5-micron thick coronal sections of brains from three or four mice in each treatment group were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and examined for evidence of Aβ deposition by light microscopy.
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5

Cryotomy Preparation for ToF-SIMS Analysis

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Skin samples removed from Franz cells were placed in a plastic block containing the optimum cutting temperature (OCT) gel (VWR International Ltd., Belgium) which is an inert mounting medium for cryotomy that solidifies upon rapid cooling. Therefore, the plastic block containing skin immersed in OCT was placed in a beaker of isopentane pre-cooled with liquid nitrogen to solidify. After solidification, the OCT blocks were wrapped in aluminum foil, placed in an airtight plastic bags and stored at -80 °C. Cryo-sectioning of skin samples were carried out by placing the OCT block in a cryostat chamber (Thermo Cryotome™, UK) at a temperature of -20 °C. The block was allowed to equilibrate within the cryostat chamber for 30 minutes and then sectioned using a steel blade into vertical cross sections of 20 µm thickness. Following this, the cryo-sections were mounted onto polysine microscope adhesion slides (ThermoFisher Scientific) and freeze dried for 1 hour prior to ToF-SIMS analysis.
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