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20 protocols using 827 ph meter

1

Measuring pH and Electrical Conductivity of EFBB

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The pH of the EFBB samples was measured according to Savova et al.20 (link) by weighing a 4.0 g sample in a conical flask and mix with 100 mL of deionised water. The flask was covered with a watch glass and boiled for 5 min. The mixture was left to cool at room temperature and the supernatant was decanted. The pH of the supernatant was determined using a Metrohm® 827 pH meter. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the EFBB samples was measured by soaking the sample in Millipore water at a solid/water ratio of 1 : 5 (w/v) and agitated for 24 h. The reading was recorded using a CON 700 EC meter (Eutech Instruments, USA).
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2

Physicochemical Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles

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The UV–Vis absorbance measurements were done using a Carry 60 UV–vis spectrophotometer (Agilent, USA) by a quartz cuvette (10 mm). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed by the XRD Bruker D8 Advance powder diffractometer (Bruker, Germany) by applying the reflection mode with Cu-Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). The Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) spectra were collected at room temperature using a “Spectrum RXI” Perkin-Elmer FT-IR spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, USA) after tableting the AgNPs powder. The distribution of size and volume of NPs were also determined using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) using HORIBA SZ-100 nanoparticle analyzer (HORIBA, Japan).
The morphology of the particles was investigated using the Transmission Electron Microscopic examination (TEM). For this study, colloidal AgNPs were sonicated and a thin film was formed on the carbon coated grid Cu Mesh 300. TEM measurements were done using a Zeiss–EM10C microscope (Zeiss, Germany) operated at an accelerating voltage of 80 kV. The pH adjustment during synthesis was performed using a Metrohm 827 pH-meter equipped with a combined glass electrode (Metrohm, Switzer-land).
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3

pH Measurement of Nanoformulations

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All pH measurements were individually made with a calibrated metrohm 827 pH meter after diluting small aliquots of the nanoformulations into deionized water (1:10 (w/v)).
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4

Adsorption of Pb(II) Ions Using Montmorillonite-K10

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All chemicals, including sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥ 97.0%), and tetrazolium solution of Pb (II) ions (1000 mg/L) with 99% purity were purchased from Merck Co, (Germany). The montmorillonite-K10 nanoclay was purchased from Sigma Aldrich Company. Pb (II) ions concentrations measurement was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (YOUNGLIN, Model AAS 8020). The laboratory pH meter (Metrohm model 827 pH meter) was used for the pH determination.
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5

Characterizing MRP pH and Browning

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The pH values of MRPs, obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min of heating, were measured using a 827-pH meter (Metrohm, Swiss made) calibrated with buffer solutions at pH 4.0 and 10.0.
The UV-absorbance and the browning intensity of MRPs were measured at 294 nm and 420 nm, respectively (Guan et al., 2011) , using an UV-visible spectro-photometer (T70, UV/VIS spectrometer, PG Instruments Ltd., China). Appropriate dilutions of the MRPs were made when required. The analyses were carried out in duplicate.
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6

Polyelectrolyte Characterization in Aqueous Media

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2.1. Chemicals. The cationic polyelectrolyte poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) was purchased from Polysciences, Inc. as an aqueous solution of a concentration of 20%. The supplier reports the weight-average molecular weight is 240 kDa and a polyDADMAC with a similar molecular weight from the same supplier has been reported to have a polydispersity of 2.0 15 . Sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.5%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The ultrapure water was purified by using a Milli-Q plus 185 system with a 0.2 µm Millipak filter at 25 °C. The resistivity of the purified water was 18.2 MΩ cm, and the organic contents were less than 5 ppb. PolyDADMAC solutions of 200 ppm were prepared by diluting the 20% polyDADMAC stock solutions in 1 mM NaCl aqueous solution. The pH of the solutions was measured with an 827 pH meter (Metrohm, Swiss) and adjusted by the addition of an appropriate amount of NaOH or HCl solutions to obtain 3, 5.6 and 9.
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7

Measurement of Soluble Solids and pH

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Soluble solid content ( • Bx) and pH were measured in all extracts by means of a refractometer and Metrohm pH meter.
A Metrohm 827 pH meter, a two-channel laboratory pH measuring instrument for measuring pH/mV and temperature, was used for the pH measurement.
Specific gravities were measured with a Brix and Gravity Refractometer with automatic temperature compensation (ATC) that features a 0-32% Brix Scale and a Specific Gravity Scale from 1.000-1.130.
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8

Soil Properties Influence on Litter Decomposition

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To estimate the effect of soil physicochemical parameters on litter decomposition, we analyzed physicochemical properties of the topsoils (A horizons) for each plot, since the OM content and turnover are highest in this layer. Specifically, for each plot, 5–10 soil samples were randomly collected with a soil borer (5 cm in diameter, 10–20 cm deep), homogenized, dried at 40°C, and then sieved at 2 mm. We measured six variables: (1) pH, measured in distilled water with a Metrohm 827 pH meter (Metrohm AG, Herisa, Switzerland). (2) Soil OM, measured from the loss of ignition (Allen et al., 1974 ) and corrected by the ‘Howard’ correction factor (Howard and Howard, 1990 (link)). (3) Total cationic exchange capacity (CEC), determined using the ‘cobalt hexamine trichloride’ method (Ciesielski et al., 1997 (link)). (4) Total carbonates, quantified by CaCO3 decomposition after adding HCl in CO2 and water using the Calcimeter Bernard method (Allison and Moodie, 1965 ). (5) Total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were quantified using an elemental analyzer (FLASH 2000, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States). (6). Soil relative humidity (Rh) was assessed after drying the soils at 105°C for 3 days.
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9

Measuring Titratable Acidity in Frozen Yogurt

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The pH was measured using a Metrohm‐827 pH meter (Metrohm, Herisau, Switzerland) after calibration using commercial pH 4.00 and 7.00 buffers. The titratable acidity of aged frozen yoghurt mixtures was determined according to National Standard of Iran (ISIRI, NO: 2852, 4th revision, 2006) by titration using 0.1 N standardized NaOH in the presence of phenolphthalein and the results expressed as a percentage of lactic acid in the samples (Reyahi‐Khoram et al., 2018).
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10

Measuring Solution pH and Redox Potential

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The solution pH was measured using a Metrohm 827 pH meter. The redox potential was determined with a reference to a saturated Ag/AgCl electrode using a Pt electrode attached to a Metrohm 827 pH meter21 (link). The precision of the measurements was tested using a Crison standard redox solution of 250 mV at 25 °C21 (link).
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