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Anti β actin antibody c4

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Sourced in United States

The Anti-β-actin antibody (C4) is a primary antibody produced by Santa Cruz Biotechnology. It is designed to recognize and bind to the β-actin protein, which is a widely expressed and highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found in eukaryotic cells.

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12 protocols using anti β actin antibody c4

1

Quantifying STAT3 Activation by Western Blot

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STAT3 activation was assessed by measuring the increased expression of pSTAT3 by western blotting, as previously described [37 (link)]. Solubilized SBC-3 cells and macrophages were run on a 10% SDS–polyacrylamide gel and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) transfer membrane (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). To detect pSTAT3, the membranes were incubated with an anti-pSTAT3 antibody (D3A7; Cell Signaling Technology Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and visualized using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody with ECL western blotting detection reagent (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA). To detect STAT3, the membranes were incubated with an anti-STAT3 antibody (124H6; Cell Signaling Technology Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and visualized using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse IgG antibody with an ECL western blotting detection reagent. The membranes were re-blotted with anti-β-actin antibody (C4) (sc-47778; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) as an internal calibration control. Quantification of the western blots was performed using ImageJ and the Amersham Imager 680 analysis software.
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2

Northern and Western Blotting of MEG3 and p53

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For Northern blotting, total RNAs were isolated using TRIzol reagent according to the manufacture's instruction (Life Technology). Northern blotting was performed to detect MEG3 transcripts using the NorthernMax kit from Life Technology. Ten µg total RNA for each sample was loaded with dye containing ethidium bromide on 1.5% agarose gel. After electrophoresis, resolved RNAs were transferred to a Nytran membrane using a TurboBlotter from GE Healthcare (Pittsburgh, PA). The membrane was hybridized with MEG3 cDNA probe labeled with [α-32P]dCTP using the Ready-To-Go DNA Labeling Beads from GE Healthcare. After washing, the membrane was exposed to a storage phosphor screen and analyzed by GE Storm 860 phosphor imager. The membrane was then stripped and re-probed to detect GAPDH as the internal control.
For Western blotting, total protein was isolated by lysis of cells with RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitor cocktail from Sigma Aldrich (P8340). Ten µg of total protein was resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE. After transfer to a PVDF membrane, the blot was probed with anti-p53 (FL393, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA) or anti-β-actin antibody (C4, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). P53 and β-actin were detected using Pierce ECL Plus Western blotting substrate (LifeTechnology) on a C-DiGit blot scanner (LI-COR Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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The cells were lysed with 1× RIPA buffer (diluted from 10× RIPA buffer, Cell Signaling Technology, #9806) or 1× SDS loading buffer and the supernatants were collected and applied to SDS-PAGE. Western blots were performed following the standard protocol as described (7 (link), 20 (link)). Briefly, after SDS-PAGE, the proteins were transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore). The membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat dry milk or BSA in TBST according to primary antibody preference. Followed by primary antibody incubation, the blots were washed with TBST buffer and incubated with secondary antibodies. The antibodies included: anti-TNFAIP3 (A20) antibody (D13H3, Cell Signaling Technology, 5630S, 1:1000), anti-β-Actin antibody (C4, Santa Cruz, sc-47778, 1:1000), anti-IκBα antibody (C21, Santa Cruz, SC-371, 1:1000), NF-κB p65 Antibody (F-6, Santa Cruz, SC-8008, 1:200), anti-p-NF-κB p65 antibody (27. Ser536, Santa Cruz, SC-136548, 1:500), anti-cleaved caspase 3 antibody (Cell signaling technology, # 9661S, 1: 500). Images were captured with G: BoxXX6 (Syngene) and band intensity was determined using ImageJ, version 1.4.3.67.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Signaling

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Briefly, proteins from cell lysates were separated on 12% (w/v) SDS-PAGE and transferred onto a PVDF membrane (Millipore, IPVH00010). The membrane was blocked in 0.3% (w/v) nonfat dry milk, TBST (1x TBS, 0.1% Tween-20) as blocking buffer, and then incubated with the primary antibody in Can Get Signal Immunoreaction Enhancer Solution I (TOYOBO, NKB201) as diluent at 4°C overnight. After washing with TBST, the membrane was incubated with the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody in Can Get Signal Immunoreaction Enhancer Solution II (TOYOBO, NKB2301) as diluent at room temperature overnight. Bands were visualized using a chemiluminescent detection system (ATTO, WSE-6100H-CP LuminoGraph I). Primary antibodies used in this study are listed below: anti-AKT antibody (B-1) (diluted at 1:1000, Santa Cruz, sc-5298), anti-phospho AKT1/2/3 antibody (11E6) (diluted at 1:1000, Santa Cruz, sc-81433), anti-STAT3 antibody (D3Z2G) (diluted at 1:5000, Cell Signaling Technology, 12640S), anti-phospho STAT3 antibody (D3A7) (diluted at 1:5000, Cell Signaling Technology, 9145S), anti-β-Actin antibody (C-4) (diluted at 1:5000, Santa Cruz, sc-47778). Secondary antibodies used in this study are listed below: anti-IgG (H + L chain) (Mouse) pAb-HRP (diluted at 1:10000, MBL, 330), anti-IgG (H + L chain) (Rabbit) pAb-HRP (diluted at 1:10000, MBL, 458).
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5

Lentiviral Transduction Optimization Protocols

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hARF6 ORF cDNA lentiviral clone was obtained from GeneCopoeia (EX-OL00097-LX304-B).
DSS was from Cayman Chemical. Puromycin, hexadimethrine bromide (polybrene), Lucifer Yellow CH dilithium salt, and fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran were purchased from Sigma. EZ-Link Sulfo-NHS-Biotin and Collagenase, Type I, were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was from Polysciences. AGK2 was from MCE. TM, TM-P4-Thal, and IMP-1088 were synthesized as previously described (29 (link), 38 (link), 39 (link)).
Antibodies were obtained from the following sources: Cell Signaling Technology—rabbit anti-E-cadherin (24E10), E-cadherin (24E10) rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate), rabbit anti-SirT2 (D4050), rabbit anti-HSP90 (C45G5), rabbit anti-Arf6 (D12G6), anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked antibody (#7076), anti-rabbit IgG, and HRP-linked antibody (#7074); Santa Cruz—anti-β-actin antibody (C4) and anti-GAPDH (0411).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of HDAC6 and β-Actin

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After cell lysis using RIPA buffer (Sigma) containing a protease inhibitor cocktail (GenDEPOT), cell lysates were mixed with lane marker reducing sample buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and boiled. The proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane. The membrane was blocked for 1 h at room temperature (RT) with 5% skim milk prepared in TBS-T buffer. The membrane was then incubated overnight at 4 °C with a primary antibody diluted 1:1000 in 5% skim milk. After washing in TBS-T buffer, the membrane was incubated for 1 h at RT with an HRP-conjugated secondary antibody diluted 1:5000 in 5% skim milk. After washing again, signals were detected using West-Q Pico ECL solution or West-Q Femto clean ECL solution (GenDEPOT). An anti-HDAC6 antibody (D21B10, Cell Signaling Biotechnology) and an anti-β-actin antibody (C4, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) were used as the primary antibodies. HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and HRP-conjugated anti-mouse IgG were used as the secondary antibodies.
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7

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Targets

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Western Blot was performed following standard protocol with minor modifications. (26 (link)) Briefly, the cells were harvested and rinsed with pre-cold PBS followed by lysing with RIPA Buffer (BioRad) or 1x SDS loading buffer. The protein concentrations were determined with Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit (ThermoFisher). Samples were then loaded to Mini-PROTEAN TGX Precast Gels (BioRad) and electrophoresis was performed. The gels were then transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore) and followed by antibody incubation according to user’s manuals. Antibodies used: anti-TNFAIP3 (A20) antibody (D13H3, Cell Signaling Technology, 5630S, 1:1000), anti-β-Actin antibody (C4, Santa Cruz, sc-47778, 1:1000), anti-β-Tubulin antibody (D-10, Santa Cruz, SC-5274, 1:500) anti-IκBα antibody (C21, Santa Cruz, SC-371, 1:1000), anti-p-NF-κB p65 antibody (27. Ser536, Santa Cruz, SC-136548, 1:500). Scanned blots were processed with ImageJ program, version 1.4.3.67, and band intensities of bands were measured. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and GraphPad Prism 6.
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8

Antibody Characterization for Herpes Simplex Virus

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Polyclonal antibodies including anti-ICP27 antibody VP-20, anti-β-Actin antibody C4 and anti-VP5 antibody 6F10 were from Santa Cruz. Polyclonal anti-ICP34.5 antibodies were raised against synthetic peptides synthesized from Shanghai Sangon Biotech (the epitope sequence is listed in Table S3). Anti-ICP0 mAb 5H7, anti-gD mAb DL6 and anti-ICP4 mAb H943 were from Santa Cruz. Polyclonal cleaved caspase-3 (Asp175) antibodies, cleaved PARP (Asp214) antibodies, PARP antibodies and anti-caspase-3 mAb 8G10, anti-caspase-8 mAb 1C12, anti-cleaved Caspase-8 (Asp391) mAb 18C8 were from Cell Signaling Technology (CST). Polyclonal anti-Ki67 antibodies were from Novus. Annexin V-PE antibody was from BEYOTIME. Antibodies used for flow cytometry were purchased from Bioss (calreticulin, ALEXA FLUOR® 647). Antibodies used for immunofluorescence were purchased from Invitrogen (goat anti-mouse IgG PE).
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9

Monoclonal Antibody Characterization in C. elegans

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Anti-C. elegans LMP-1, HSP-60, CYP-33, and SQV-8 monoclonal antibodies were purchased from Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank (DSHB). Those antibodies were originally generated by Dr. Michael L. Nonet’s lab (Hadwiger et al., 2010 (link)). Anti-β-actin antibody (C4) was purchased from Santa Cruz (sc-47778).
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10

Immunoblotting Analysis of Apoptosis Markers

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Anti-β-Actin Antibody (C4) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), Anti-Bax Antibody (B-9) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), Bcl-2 Antibody (N-19) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) were used as primary antibodies for immunoblotting and western blot was performed as previously described 32 (link).
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