Sprague dawley ofa rats

Efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used, as well as their suffering. In this attempt, in vivo experiments were not replicated for cell proliferation and electrophysiological experiments. However, the same DBS treatment in control has been reproduced several times throughout the manuscript thereby demonstrating the reproducibility of our data. Sample size for each experiment was calculated using an alpha of 0.05 and beta of 0.20. All animals were randomized for each experiment and the experiments were blinded to the experimenter. Experiments were carried out in male Sprague–Dawley OFA rats (Charles Rivers, France) weighing from 260 to 320 g on the day of the experiment. Experiments were performed in compliance with the European Communities Council (86/609 ECC) for the care and use of laboratory animals and ARRIVE guidelines and with the approval of the Regional Animal Care Committees (University Lyon 1, CREEA Côte d'Azur).

A total of 321 adult male rats was used, that is, 144 Wistar rats (Charles River Laboratories, France) for the social recognition memory tests, 69 Sprague Dawley OFA rats (Charles River Laboratories, Saint Germain sur l′Arbresle, France) for the object recognition experiments, 16 Sprague Dawley rats (Harlan Laboratories, Frederick, MD) for the visual signal detection task (VSDT), and 92 Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN) for the in vivo microdialysis, ex vivo receptor occupancy, and pharmacokinetic interaction and exposure time course studies. Additionally, social recognition memory experiments used juvenile Wistar rats as stimulus animals that were not otherwise subjected to any experimental manipulations. All rats were group-housed in plastic cages under temperature- and humidity-controlled conditions, a 12-hour light/dark cycle, and with ad libitum access to food and water, except where noted below. All procedures were performed in a manner consistent with local guidelines on ethical research in animals and were approved by the relevant authority or animal care and use committee prior to the start of experiments.