Nanophotometer np80 all in one spectrophotometer

Each WWTP's influent (raw/untreated wastewater) and effluent (treated wastewater) received a 1-L composite sample. Composite samples made up of many subsamples were taken, for example, one small sample was taken, followed by a 30-second interval, and then the next sample was taken, and so on, until the required sample volume (1 L) was reached. The samples were transported to the lab in an ice-filled cooler box, kept at 4 °C, and analyzed within 48 h. Per WWTP, two samples were taken (influent and effluent (post-chlorination)). Samples were homogenized before analysis, and 50 mL subsamples were taken and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min, with the supernatant discarded and the pellet used for DNA extraction. The DNA was extracted using a DNeasy Powersoil DNA extraction kit (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer's instructions, with no changes. IMPLEN NanoPhotometer NP80 – All-in-One Spectrophotometer was used to determine the quantity and quality of the extracted DNA. All of the analyses were carried out in triplicate.

A one-liter composite sample was taken from the influent (raw/untreated wastewater) and final effluent (post chlorinated effluent) at each WWTP. Thus, two one-liter samples (influent and effluent) were taken per WWTP; many subsamples (100 mL) were taken every 30 min, until a final volume of 1 L was achieved.
Samples were transported to the laboratory in a cooler box with ice, stored at 4 °C and analyzed within 48 h. Before analysis, samples were homogenized, and 50 mL subsamples were taken and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min; the supernatant was discarded, and the total DNA was extracted from the pellet, using a DNeasy Powersoil DNA extraction kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany), following the extraction procedure provided by the manufacturer, with no modification. The volumes of sample and pellets after centrifugation were noted to help with calculation of concentrations afterwards. The quantity and quality of the extracted DNA were determined using the IMPLEN NanoPhotometer NP80—All-in-One Spectrophotometer. All analyses were conducted in triplicates.

At each WWTP, a one-time composite sample of 1 L was taken from the treated wastewater (post-chlorinated effluent) and untreated wastewater (influent). As a result, per WWTP, two 1-L samples of influent and effluent were collected. Numerous subsamples (100 ml) were collected at 30-s intervals until the 1-L composite samples were obtained. A commercial courier was used to transport samples from the five African nations to the Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology laboratories in Durban, South Africa, where they were analyzed within 48 h. Prior to analysis, homogenization of samples was performed, and 50 mL subsamples were collected. These subsamples were then centrifuged at 3000 revolutions per minute for 20 min, followed by removal of the supernatant. The DNeasy Powersoil DNA extraction kit was used to recover total DNA from the resultant pellet, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions (supplied by QIAGEN, Germany). The extracted DNA was evaluated for quantity and quality using the NanoPhotometer (NP80—All-in-One Spectrophotometer, provided by IMPLEN). Each analysis was replicated three times to ensure precision and accuracy.