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4 protocols using renilla tk

1

Luciferase Reporter Assay for miRNA Targets

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Transfection and electroporation experiments were preformed with the following constructs. pmiRZIP lentivector (ZIP NULL), pmiRZIP lentivector anti-miRNA-206 (ZIP-206), and pmiRZIP lentivector anti-miRNA-21(ZIP-21) were acquired from System Bioscience. pMIR206-Luc and pMIR21-Luc were acquired from Signosis BioSignal. Renilla Null and Renilla TK were acquired from Promega (pRL-null number E2271, pRL-TK number E2241).
The mature sequences of miRNA-206 and miRNA-21 were cloned into the BLOCK-iT Pol II miR RNAi Expression Vector Kit with EmGFP (Invitrogen number K4936-00). The oligos used are shown in Table 2. As negative control the pcDNA6.2-GW/EmGFP-miR-neg control was used, according to manufacturer's instructions.
The 3′UTR of the different analyzed genes was cloned from muscle cDNA into the pMIR-LUC vector (Signosis BioSignal). The sequence of the oligonucleotide primers used to clone the 3′UTR of each gene are shown in Table 2. All constructs were sequenced to confirm the insert and absence of mutation.
To mutate the 3′UTR of YY1 and eIF4E3 the QuikChangeII site-directed Mutagenesis Kit (Stratagene number 200524) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. The primers used for the mutagenesis are shown in Table 3. All mutated constructs were sequenced to confirm the presence of the desired mutations and the absence of other unspecific mutations.
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2

Transcription Factor Assay for Redox Activity

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A cell-based transcription factor reporter assay was used as previously described [17 (link), 19 (link), 20 (link)] to determine the redox activity of nicorandil, daidzin, or nicorandil-daidzin combo along with the APE1 redox inhibitor, E3330 as a control. Briefly, the pRL Activator Protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor firefly reporter vector (PathDetect cis-Reporting Systems, Stratagene) and the control pRL Renilla-TK (Promega Corp.) were cotransfected in patient-derived Pa02c cells at a 20:1 ratio (1.0 μg : 0.05 μg, respectively) using 3.0 μL/mL Lipofectamine®2000 (Invitrogen Life Technologies) in Opti-MEM® (ThermoFisher). After cells were incubated 24 hours (37°C, 5% CO2), media was exchanged, and following a 24-hour recovery, cells were washed in PBS and then treated with the various drug doses in Opti-MEM® of either E3330, nicorandil (Sigma-Aldrich), daidzin (Indofine Chemical), or nicorandil and 10 μM daidzin, along with vehicle (DMSO) and media controls. Following 24-hour exposure (37°C, 5% 2), firefly luciferase and Renilla activities were measured by the Promega Dual-Luciferase® system and quantified by the BioTek Synergy™ H4 fluorescent plate reader. For each dose, AP-1 luciferase RLU was normalized with Renilla-TK RLU and then further normalized to background media.
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Dual-Luciferase Assay for Wnt Signaling

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Cells were transfected with TOPFlash and Renilla-TK (Promega, E2241) plasmids using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Invitrogen, 11668019). Forty-eight hours after transfection, the luciferase reporter assay was performed using a Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega, E1910). Luminescence data are presented as the firefly luminescence intensity normalized to the Renilla luminescence intensity and then to the control condition.
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4

Cloning and Validating PCSK9 Promoter

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The genomic fragments harboring the putative ChREBP binding site in human PCSK9 promoter were cloned by PCR using the human genomic DNA as a template. The amplified products of 1.5 kb upstream of the translation start site of the human PCSK9 gene were ligated into the pGL4.20luciferase reporter vector (Promega) to generate pGL4.20-1405/+86-Luc plasmids. Promoter activity was further validated by mutation of the putative ChREBP-binding sites on the promoter at -847/-842 using the NEB Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (E0554S). All PCR-generated constructs were verified by DNA sequencing. The numbers indicate the distance in nucleotides from the transcription start site (+1) of the human PCSK9 gene. Huh7 cells were transfected with pGL4.20-luciferase reporter plasmids and Renilla-TK as the internal control (Promega) using Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies) as described before. 30 (link) Cells were cultured for 24 hours after transfection, and cell lysates were measured using the Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System Kit (Promega).
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