2998 pda detector

Manufactured by Waters Corporation

Sourced in United States, Germany

The 2998 PDA detector is a photodiode array (PDA) detector designed for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems. It provides full-spectrum detection capabilities, enabling the analysis of a wide range of compounds. The 2998 PDA detector offers reliable and consistent performance for various analytical applications.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

Close spelling variants of this product

PDA detector (44 citations) Waters 2998 PDA detector (20 citations) 2998 Photodiode Array (PDA) Detector (15 citations) PDA 2998 (11 citations) 2998 PDA UV detector (3 citations) Waters 2998 photodiode array detector (PDA) (3 citations)

81 protocols using 2998 pda detector

Analytical Characterization of Organic Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All solvents and reagents were used as received from commercial suppliers, unless noted otherwise. The compounds were named using the Biovia Draw 2016 package (IUPAC).
NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance III HD 500 MHz or 250 MHz spectrometer.
The chemical-shifts (δ) reported are given in parts per million (ppm) and the coupling constants (J) are in Hertz (Hz). The spin multiplicities are reported as s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, dd = doublet of doublet, ddd = doublet of doublet of doublet, dt = doublet of triplet, td = triplet of doublet, and m = multiplet.
uPLC-MS was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC system coupled to a Waters Acquity PDA detector, an ELS detector and an MSD (Scan Positive: 150–850). Method (pH 3): Phenomenex Kinetix-XB C18 (2.1 x 100 mm, 1.7 μm) column. Elution with a linear gradient of Water + 0.1% Formic acid and Acetonitrile + 0.1% Formic acid at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Chiral SFC analysis: Waters Thar 3100 SFC system connected to Waters 2998 PDA detector, Chiralcel OD-H 25 cm. Chiral SFC separation: Water Thar SFC system with a Waters Thar FDM pump, Waters Thar Alias autoinjector, Waters Thar fraction collector and a Waters 2998 PDA detector.

Stöppler D., Macpherson A., Smith-Penzel S., Basse N., Lecomte F., Deboves H., Taylor R.D., Norman T., Porter J., Waters L.C., Westwood M., Cossins B., Cain K., White J., Griffin R., Prosser C., Kelm S., Sullivan A.H., Fox D I.I.I., Carr M.D., Henry A., Taylor R., Meier B.H., Oschkinat H, & Lawson A.D. (2018). Insight into small molecule binding to the neonatal Fc receptor by X-ray crystallography and 100 kHz magic-angle-spinning NMR. PLoS Biology, 16(5), e2006192.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Quantification of Encapsulated Antimicrobial Peptides

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Encapsulated indolicidin concentrations were determined by means of HPLC (2695 eAlliance separation module, Waters Corporation, MA, USA). Indolicidin was extracted following dilution of the liposomes in PBS containing 100 mM Octyl β-D-glucopyranoside (Sigma-Aldrich) yielding a clear solution. The samples were injected to a Vydac® 218MS C18, 5 μm, 300 Å, 250 × 4.6 mm column (Grace, MD, USA) heated to 35 °C, equilibrated in 0.1% v/v aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, Sigma-Aldrich), and eluted with 0.1% v/v TFA in acetonitrile (J.T.Baker® Chemicals, PA, USA), at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Indolicidin was detected at λ = 220 nm using a 2998 PDA detector (Waters Corporation). LL-37 liposomes were diluted 1:10 or 1:5.5 in 1% v/v TFA in ethanol, heated to 70 °C until a translucent solution was achieved, and the cooled solution was centrifuged 15 min at 4000 rpm for lipids sedimentation. The clear supernatant was injected to an XBridge™ BEH300 C18, 3.5 μm, 4.6 × 100 mm column (Waters Corporation) heated to 35 °C, equilibrated in 0.1% v/v aqueous TFA, and was eluted with 0.1% v/v TFA in acetonitrile, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. LL-37 was detected at λ = 220 nm by means of a 2998 PDA detector (Waters).

Ron-Doitch S., Sawodny B., Kühbacher A., David M., Samanta A., Phopase J., Burger-Kentischer A., Griffith M., Golomb G., & Rupp S. (2016). Reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced bioactivity of cationic antimicrobial peptides liposomes in cell cultures and 3D epidermis model against HSV. Journal of Controlled Release, 229, 163-171.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Silica gel 60 (40–63 μm; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was used to run column chromatography (CC). TLC was completed on glass and aluminum plates, pre-coated with Silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ (Merck). Preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed with a Waters 2707 instrument (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) with a C-18 Luna column (250 mm×21.2 mm, 5 μm; CA, USA) and PDA 2998 detector (Waters). ¹H and ¹³C 1D NMR and 2D NMR spectra were determined in JEOL JNM-FX500, and the UV spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-160A spectrophotometer using ethanol as the solvent. The MS data were obtained with an Agilent 6530. The IR spectra were measured by Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) spectroscopy using a Perkin-Elmer RX 1 spectrometer for the 4,000–400 cm⁻¹ frequency range.

Karimian H., Arya A., Fadaeinasab M., Razavi M., Hajrezaei M., Karim Khan A., Mohd Ali H., Abdulla M.A, & Noordin M.I. (2017). Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. activates intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in breast cancer cells associated with S phase cell cycle arrest via involvement of p21/p27 in vitro and in vivo. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 11, 337-350.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Wheat Protein Profiling by RP-HPLC

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The glutenin and gliadin proteins were extracted from the grains of 62 wheat varieties for RP-HPLC analysis using the method in a previous study with some modifications [31] (link), [32] . Forty-five mg of whole wheat flour from each sample was used in extracting the glutenin or gliadin proteins. The glutenin and gliadin extracts were filtered by 0.45 μm nylon filter and 10 μL of filtered extracts were analyzed for RP-HPLC (Waters e2695 equipped with PDA 2998 detector, Waters Corporation, Massachusetts, USA) with the chromatographic column of Vydac 218TP C18 (E140314-1–2, Massachusetts, USA). The elution condition was performed according to Gao et al. [33] (link) and Zhang et al. [34] . The content of glutenin, gliadin and γ-gliadin were calculated from chromatograms based on the peak areas with the retention times.

Zhou Z., Liu C., Qin M., Li W., Hou J., Shi X., Dai Z., Yao W., Tian B., Lei Z., Li Y, & Wu Z. (2021). Promoter DNA hypermethylation of TaGli-γ-2.1 positively regulates gluten strength in bread wheat. Journal of Advanced Research, 36, 163-173.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Synthesis and Characterization of IDO1 PROTAC Linkers

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All materials were obtained from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. All solvents were dried according to the standard methods prior to use. The melting points were determined with an SGWX-4 melting point apparatus (Shanghai optical instrument factory, Shanghai, China). ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were measured on a Bruker AV-400 (Bruker Inc., Karlsruhe, Germany) NMR spectrometer. HRMS spectral data were recorded on a Bruker Daltonics Bio TOF mass spectrometer (Bruker Inc., Karlsruhe, Germany). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed with a Waters Alliance 2695e equipped with PDA 2998 detector (Waters Inc., Milford, MA, USA). The synthesis and characterization of linkers for IDO1 PROTACs, Epa and its derivatives could be found in Supporting Information.

Hu M., Zhou W., Wang Y., Yao D., Ye T., Yao Y., Chen B., Liu G., Yang X., Wang W, & Xie Y. (2020). Discovery of the first potent proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 10(10), 1943-1953.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Purification and Analysis of Portoamides

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The purification of portoamides A and B was performed as previously described [7 (link)], using 5.0 g (dry mass) of Phormidium sp. LEGE 05292 biomass with slight alterations as detailed below. The fraction eluted at 100% methanol (MeOH) was purified and qualitatively analyzed on a HPLC (Alliance e2695) linked to a PDA 2998 detector and an automatic fraction collector III from Waters (Waters, Milford, Massachusetts, USA). The software Empower 2 (Chromatography Data Software) was used for data interpretation. The chromatographic column, XB-C18 Aeris PEPTIDE (150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d, 3.6 μm, Phenomex, Torrance, California, USA), was kept at 35°C, and the solvents were acetonitrile and ultra-pure water, both acidified with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with a flux of 0.8 mL/min. The PDA ranged from 210 to 280 nm at 254 nm and a resolution of 1.2 nm. For the purification, 500 μL was injected in 0.1% MeOH, and separated by a gradient of MeOH from 50% to 100% in 35 minutes. The mixture of portoamides A and B eluted between tR = 13–15 min. For the analytic method, 20 μL were injected and separated by isocratic elution with 65% of MeOH acidified with 0.1% TFA.

Ribeiro T., Lemos F., Preto M., Azevedo J., Sousa M.L., Leão P.N., Campos A., Linder S., Vitorino R., Vasconcelos V, & Urbatzka R. (2017). Cytotoxicity of portoamides in human cancer cells and analysis of the molecular mechanisms of action. PLoS ONE, 12(12), e0188817.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

HPLC Analysis of Citrus Medicinal Extracts

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Accurately weighed amounts of CME and CMW (10 mg) were dissolved in 1 mL of methanol (HPLC grade, J. T. Baker Co. Ltd., New Jersey, NJ, USA). The extract was then filtered twice through a 0.45 μm syringe filter (PVDF, Korea Ace Science, Republic of Korea). Imperatorin and osthole were used as standards for the qualitative analysis of CME and CMW. These standards were serially diluted (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL), and HPLC chromatograms were obtained. The relationship between the concentration and the peak area was determined using the least-squares method (R² value). HPLC analysis was conducted using a Waters e2695 Alliance HPLC system connected to a PDA Detector 2998, and Empower2 Software was used for analysis. A YMC-Triart 4.60 × 250 mm C₁₈ reversed-phase column with 5-μm particles was utilized.
The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water (HPLC grade, J. T. Baker Co., Ltd., New Jersey, NJ, USA) in an 80:20 (v/v) ratio. Chromatography was performed at room temperature with a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min, and 10 μL was analyzed for 10 min. The column eluent was monitored at 320 nm, and all solvents were degassed using a micromembrane filter.

Park J., Shin S., Bu Y., Choi H.Y, & Lee K. (2024). Vasorelaxant and Blood Pressure-Lowering Effects of Cnidium monnieri Fruit Ethanol Extract in Sprague Dawley and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(8), 4223.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

HPLC Analysis of Biogenic Amines

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Biogenic amines analysis was conducted using HPLC as described by Liu et al. [31 ]. Chromatographic conditions: Waters e2695 HPLC, PDA detector 2998, chromatographic column (C18 4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm), UV detection wavelength 254 nm, column temperature 30 °C, phase A: ultra-pure water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, flow rate is 1.0 mL/min, injection volume is 20 μL, gradient elution.

Mu G., Zhang Z., Wang J., Jiang S., Wang H., Xu Y., Li X., Chi L., Li Y., Tuo Y, & Zhu X. (2021). Antigenicity and Safety Evaluation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 7-2 Screened to Reduce α-Casein Antigen. Foods, 11(1), 88.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Triterpenoid Extraction and Analysis

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Frozen biomass was freeze-dried (Christ, Osterode, Germany) at -20 °C and 1.03 mbar for 24 h. Triterpenoids were extracted by grinding 50 mg dry biomass in a mortar with 250 mg sea sand (particle size 0.1 -0.315 mm) and 750 µl ethanol for 2 min. Samples were collected in 15 ml reaction vessels by washing the mortar with another 750 µl of ethanol and stored at -20 °C until further use. Samples were prepared for analysis using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter (pore size 0.22 µm). Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography analysis was done on a Waters alliance 2695 with Waters PDA detector 2998 at isocratic flow (0.3 ml/min), 20 µl injection volume and 55 °C column temperature. The mobile phase consisted of methanol with 0.1% formic acid in a ratio of 92:8. A Supelco Discovery HS C18, 5 µm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm column was used. UV spectra were obtained using a detection wavelength of 250 nm. External standards of OA and UA were used for a seven-point calibration.

Mehring A., Haffelder J., Chodorski J., Stiefelmaier J., Strieth D., & Ulber R. (2020). Establishment and triterpenoid production of Ocimum basilicum cambial meristematic cells. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 143(3), 573-581.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Molecular Weight Estimation by SEC

Cited 1 time

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Molecular
weights (MWs) were estimated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC)
on an Acquity Arc equipped with a 2998PDA Detector, a Sample Manager
FTN-R, and a Quaternary Solvent Manager-R (Acquity Arc, Waters Corporation,
Milford, MA, USA) with a XBridge TM Protein BEH SEC 200 Å 2.5
μm 4.6 mm × 150 mm column. The standard proteins (Waters
Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) were used to calibrate the column:
uracil (0.112 kDa), ribonuclease A (13.7 kDa), albumin chicken egg
white (44.2 kDa), and thyroglobulin bovine (669 kDa).^{3 (link)} A volume of 10 μL dissolved in 100 mM sodium phosphate
buffer and 0.02% (w/v) sodium azide adjusted at pH 6.8 at a concentration
of 1 mg/mL was injected. Protein elution was recorded by measuring
its absorbance at 280 nm and analyzed with Empower 3 Personal GPC/SEC
software (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA).

Villanueva A., Rivero-Pino F., Martin M.E., Gonzalez-de la Rosa T., Montserrat-de la Paz S, & Millan-Linares M.C. (2024). Identification of the Bioavailable Peptidome of Chia Protein Hydrolysate and the In Silico Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and ACE Inhibitory Potential. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 72(6), 3189-3199.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!