Pulmonary function test (PFT) (spirometry and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO)) was performed within 4 weeks before bronchoscopy in the majority of cases. Before the procedure, all patients were locally anaesthetized with a 2% lidocaine spray, and an intravenous bolus of midazolam and fentanyl was administered. Then, a thin bronchoscope (BF-P260F; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) with a guide sheath (K-201; Olympus; external diameter, 1.95 mm) was used for the 1.4-mm probe. After the probe was inserted and the R-EBUS image was confirmed, the probe was withdrawn, and a transbronchial forceps biopsy (FB-233D; Olympus) was repeated until an adequate number of specimens had been sampled. We classified the EBUS probe positions into three groups as follows: (a) within, when the probe was located inside the PPL; (b) adjacent to, when the probe was located at the periphery of the PPL; and (c) invisible when the probe was located away from the PPL. We used a virtual bronchoscopic navigation system (Bf-NAVI; Cybernet Systems, Tokyo, Japan) from the helical CT data with a slice width of 0.5 mm in most cases. In our study, we did not use rapid on-site evaluation during EBUS-GS TBB.
Fb 233d
Manufactured by Olympus
Sourced in Japan
The FB-233D is a benchtop centrifuge designed for general-purpose laboratory applications. It features a maximum speed of 6,000 RPM and a maximum relative centrifugal force (RCF) of 4,020 x g. The centrifuge can accommodate a variety of sample tubes and microplates.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using fb 233d
1
Transbronchial Biopsy Guided by EBUS
2
Biopsy Techniques for NSCLC Diagnosis
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The study participants included 184 patients with NSCLC who were pathologically diagnosed with a biopsy sample between September 2019 and May 2020 at the Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan. The biopsy procedures used included TBB with EBUS-GS, endobronchial biopsy (EBB) under direct-vision forceps, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all the patients included in this study and analyzed the pathological features of their biopsy samples. We obtained ethical approval from the Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, Japan (2019EKI-48), and patient confidentiality was maintained. The TBB samples were obtained with small (small EBUS-GS; FB-233D; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) or large forceps (large EBUS-GS; FB-231D; Olympus Medical Systems). The EBB samples were obtained with biopsy forceps (Radial Jaw 4; Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, MA, USA). The EBUS-TBNA samples were obtained with 22-gauge (22G) aspiration needles (Expect™ Pulmonary E00558220, Boston Scientific Corporation).
3
Cryoprobe-guided Bronchoscopy Sampling Techniques
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According to the different guided bronchoscopy methods, samples harvested by a 1.1-mm cryoprobe (20402-401; Erbe, Tübingen, Germany) were retrieved as follows: (1) the cryoprobe was removed from the K-203 GS or EWC, keeping the standard bronchoscope and GS/EWC in situ to facilitate repeated biopsy and reduce bleeding; (2) the cryoprobe was removed en bloc with the K-201 GS, keeping the thin bronchoscope in situ to handle bleeding under direct vision; and (3) the cryoprobe and ultrathin bronchoscope were removed together. A CB-first biopsy sequence with a freezing time of 3–5 s was advised because GGO lesions are more prone to bleed than solid lesions during biopsy, which may impact CB effectiveness [14 (link)].
Conventional biopsy, including FB (FB-233D or FB-231D; Olympus) and brushing (BC-204D or BC-202D; Olympus), was also performed according to the fluoroscopic images. A 1.9-mm forceps was combined with a standard or thin bronchoscope when appropriate tissue was not obtained using a 1.5-mm forceps. All procedures were performed by two experienced experts (Junxiang Chen and Jiayuan Sun). Three CB samples and 5–10 FB samples were recommended for pathological examination. GS flushing was used in cases using GS during examination. Finally, bronchoscopy was performed again to investigate airway bleeding. Rapid on-site cytopathological evaluations were not conducted.
Conventional biopsy, including FB (FB-233D or FB-231D; Olympus) and brushing (BC-204D or BC-202D; Olympus), was also performed according to the fluoroscopic images. A 1.9-mm forceps was combined with a standard or thin bronchoscope when appropriate tissue was not obtained using a 1.5-mm forceps. All procedures were performed by two experienced experts (Junxiang Chen and Jiayuan Sun). Three CB samples and 5–10 FB samples were recommended for pathological examination. GS flushing was used in cases using GS during examination. Finally, bronchoscopy was performed again to investigate airway bleeding. Rapid on-site cytopathological evaluations were not conducted.
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