We obtained PLGA (LA/GA ¼ 50/50, Mn ¼ 100.000) from Ji'nan Daigang Biomaterial Co., Ltd. (Ji'nan, China). We purchased CsA (99% purity) from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Liquid medical-grade silicone (MED-4244) was purchased from Nusil Silicone Technology (Carpinteria, CA, USA). Medical-grade silicone tubes were purchased from Guangzhou Tianling Silicone Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and were used without further purification. Other reagents and drugs included: ketamine hydrochloride (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China); xylazine (Sangon Biological Engineering Ltd., Shanghai, China); ofloxacin eye ointment (Shenyang Sinqi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China); oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops (Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China); and hematoxylin and eosin kits (H&E; Baso Diagnostics, Inc., Zhuhai, China).
Ketamine hydrochloride
Manufactured by Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine
Sourced in China
Ketamine hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder that is a synthetic compound. It is used as a general anesthetic and analgesic in medical and veterinary settings.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drop, by Santen (1 mentions)
Xylazine, by Sangon (1 mentions)
Gluma comfort bond, by Kulzer (1 mentions)
Gluma etch 35 gel, by Kulzer (1 mentions)
Xylazine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Balb c mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Ifenprodil tartrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ro 25 6981, by Abcam (1 mentions)
7 protocols using ketamine hydrochloride
1
Implantable Silicone Device for Cyclosporine A Delivery
2
Orthodontic Appliance Insertion and Anesthesia in Rats
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The rats in the EO and SE groups were anesthetized by an intraperitoneal injection of 2% ketamine hydrochloride 2 mL/kg (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Ltd, Lianyungang, People’s Republic of China) during setting and adjusting of the orthodontic appliance. Once anesthetized, the rats were kept supine on the operating table, with the extremities and head fixed. The maxillary modulus of the rats was taken using a homemade tray to achieve an individual impression and the working model. According to the model, a stainless steel orthodontic wire (0.014 inch heat-treated arch wire, AJ Wilcock Pty Ltd, Whittlesea, Australia) was bent into a rectangular form with two opening loops (Figure 1A ). After the appliances were bonded to the first and second maxillary molars on both sides, light-cured adhesive (Gluma Comfort Bond, Heraeus Kulzer GmbH, Hanau, Germany) was attached to the molars of the rats after etching the teeth with acid etch (Gluma Etch 35 Gel, Heraeus Kulzer GmbH). The initial expansive force was adjusted to 0.98 N, measured with a strain gauge (Hangzhou Aosu Medical Device Co, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China). The occlusal view of the orthodontic appliance in the maxilla of the rat is shown in Figure 1B . During surgery, the rats were kept warm by lighting in order to maintain body temperature, and vital signs were closely observed until the rats were fully awake.
3
Evaluating ML7 for Atherosclerosis in Rabbits
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A total of 49 two-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits (weighing 1.98±0.22 kg) were obtained from Nanjing Jinling Rabbit Farm (Nanjing, China), and were randomly divided into three groups. The rabbits were housed individually in screen-bottomed plastic cages, and maintained in a temperature-controlled room (25°C) with a standard 12 h light/dark cycle. The control group (n=14) was fed a standard diet for 12 weeks. The AS group (n=16) was fed a high-fat diet (standard diet supplemented with 5% lard and 2% cholesterol; Dalian Bell Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dalian, China) for 12 weeks. The ML7 group (n=19) received a high-fat diet supplemented with ML7 (1 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, following fasting overnight, the rabbits were anesthetized with 50 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China). Blood was collected for cholesterol determinations, and the aortas were excised and removed. One part of the aorta was harvested for ORO staining, and another was fixed in 4% formalin for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining. The aortas of the remaining rabbits were removed and immediately frozen at −80°C, prior to homogenization in 1X SDS lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 6.8; 10% glycerol; 2% SDS) and western blot analysis.
4
Infection Model for Implant Evaluation
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Ten male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats aged >8 weeks and with a body weight of 230 ± 26 g were included in this study. The procedures were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee (Approval No.: IACUC FJMU 2023-0081). Animals were anaesthetized with xylazine hydrochloride (Sigma, USA) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg and ketamine hydrochloride (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., China) at a dosage of 50 mg/kg. Afterward, the dorsal area of each rat was shaved and disinfected, and five asymmetric midline incisions of the same size (1.5−2 cm) were created. Sharp and blunt dissection were used to develop subcutaneous pockets beneath the incisions. The fabricated samples (SLA group, PDA group, aspirin group, amoxicillin group, and aspirin + amoxicillin group) were subcutaneously implanted into five rats. A 100 μL injection of the bacterial suspension of S. aureus was injected into the implant position. The rats were euthanized by inhaling carbon dioxide after 24 h. This study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines, and all the experiments were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations of the laboratory of Fujian Medical University.
5
Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats
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SD rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection with 10 mg/kg xylazine and 100 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China). Under anesthetic, SD rats underwent double ligation following exposure of the left suprarenal vein. All rats were provided with drinking water with 0.03% thioacetamide (TAA) solution (Macklin Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The body weight of SD rats was monitored and controlled; if the body weight had increased by 10–20 g following 1 week of treatment with TAA, the concentration of TAA solution was increased by 50%. Conversely, if the body weight of the rats had decreased by 10–20 g after 1 week, the concentration of TAA solution was reduced by 50%. SD rats were continuously treated for 14 weeks.
6
Xenograft Model of Breast Cancer
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MDA-MB-231 cells were selected for xenograft experiments as these cells consume more glucose than MCF-7 cells. All experiments were approved by the governmental review committee on animal care. Human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts were generated by subcutaneous injection of MDA-MB-231 cells (2 × 105 cells/mouse) in the right neck dorsal region of female nude (BALB/c) mice (n = 24) (Vital River, Beijing, China). Animals were injected with a contrast agent formulation for imaging when the tumors were approximately 1 cm in diameter, which occurred approximately 4 weeks after injection of tumor cells. Animals were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of diazepam (8 μg/g) (Jiangsu Jumpcan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China) and ketamine hydrochloride (120 μg/g) (Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China).
7
Preparation of Pharmacological Agents
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Ifenprodil tartrate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was dissolved in 5% dimethylsulfoxide and 9% Tween 80/saline before use.29 (link) Dihydrokainate (DHK; 6.25 nmol μl−1; Sigma-Aldrich) was dissolved in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4).30 (link) TC-DAPK 6 (290 nM ) was dissolved in 2% dimethylsulfoxide and phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4).31 (link) Both Tat-GluN2BCT and Tat-sGluN2BCT were dissolved in saline.19 (link) Ketamine hydrochloride (10 mg kg−1) was obtained from Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine (Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China) and dissolved in saline. PEAQX (5 mg kg−1) and Ro 25–6981 (10 mg kg−1) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK) and dissolved in saline.
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