2 deoxyribose

Ascorbic acid, xanthine, XO grade I from buttermilk (EC 1.1.3.22), nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), 2-deoxyribose, ferrous sulfate, ACE, and Hip-His-Leu (HHL) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Water, dichloromethane, and methanol were purchased from J. T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). All other reagents were of analytical grade. Garlic was purchased from the Chungbuk Agriculture and Marine Products Market in Korea in June 2007 and was stored at −20°C. Heat treatment was performed using a temperature- and pressure-controlling apparatus (Jisico, Seoul, Korea). The samples were heated at temperatures of 130°C for 2 h. Thiacremonone was isolated according to the Hwang et al. method (13 ). Heated garlic juice was partitioned consecutively in a separating funnel using ethyl acetate. Isolation of thiacremonone from the ethyl acetate layer of heated garlic juice was subjected to column chromatography on silica gel. The fractions included thiacremonone were purified by preparative reverse phase-HPLC (Discovery^® C18 column; 250×10 mm, i.d., 5 μm; Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA) on a SP930D solvent delivery pump (Younglin Instrument, Anyang, Korea) equipped with a UV detector, operating at 365 nm, at room temperature, and a flow rate of 3.5 mL/min. The pure thiacremonone was obtained after evaporating the solvents using a rotary evaporator.

Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) and copper sulphate (CuSO₄.5H₂O), FeSO₄, Griess modified reagent, 2-deoxyribose, 2-thio-barbituric acid, (2,20-azobis(2-amidinopropan) dihydrochloride [AAPH]); sodium nitroprusside (SNP), trichloroacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ascorbic acid, acetic acid, and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolate (Tween 80); dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Co. All other reagents were of analytical grade.

Ascorbic acid, bovine serum albumin, catalase, coumarine, 2,2’- Azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2-deoxyribose, GalN, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), gallic acid, glutathione(GSH), malonaldehyde, nitro blue tetrazolium, quercetin, thiobarbituric acid etc., were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and precoated silica gel plates (Merck, 60F₂₅₄, 20 cm Χ 20 cm) from Germany. Other chemicals and solvents were AR grade and procured from Merck, India. Biological commercial kits were procured from Cogent (Span Diagnostics Ltd., Surat, India).

Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and trypsin were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), diammonium salt (ABTS), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric chloride, 2-deoxyribose, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), mercury orange and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and potassium ferricyanide was obtained from AppliChem (Dresden, Germany). The cell proliferation kit II (XTT) was purchased from Roche Diagnostics (Mannheim, Germany).