The current study included 50 gastric cancer patients who attended Peking University Third Hospital, China from 2015 to 2017. In total, 20 HP−, 30 HP+, and 50 paracarcinoma tissue samples were collected via biopsy or surgical resection. Samples were divided and either frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C or preserved in RNAlater (Ambion, Austin, TX, USA) at −20 °C. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Peking University Third Hospital. Informed consent was obtained for study participation from all patients or their direct relatives.
The human gastric cancer cell lines SNU1, AGS, MGC-803, and MKN1 were obtained from the Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology (Shanghai, China). Cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Hyclone, UT, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone, UT, USA), 1% penicillin–streptomycin amphotericin B solution, 1% l-glutamate, and 1% nonessential amino acids in a 37 °C incubator containing 5% CO2. With the exception of the FBS, all remaining reagents were obtained from Gibco (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and Biological Industries (Beit Haemek, Israel).
The human gastric cancer cell lines SNU1, AGS, MGC-803, and MKN1 were obtained from the Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology (Shanghai, China). Cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Hyclone, UT, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone, UT, USA), 1% penicillin–streptomycin amphotericin B solution, 1% l-glutamate, and 1% nonessential amino acids in a 37 °C incubator containing 5% CO2. With the exception of the FBS, all remaining reagents were obtained from Gibco (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and Biological Industries (Beit Haemek, Israel).