Red raspberries of the cultivar “Autumn Bless”, one abundant raspberry species in Northeast China, were obtained from a local farm (Harbin, China) in August 2020. The fruits with similar maturity were hand-picked from different trees and then snap-frozen. Frozen red raspberries (40 kg) were mixed, transported to the laboratory in ice box and stored at −80 °C until use. All the standards for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, including rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, raspberry ketone, epicatechin, catechinic acid, syringic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, citric acid, L-malic acid, succinic acid, α-ketoglutarate, and so on (HPLC grade), were obtained from Shanghai YuanYe Biotechnology (Shanghai, China).
Quercetin
Manufactured by Yuanye Bio-Technology
Sourced in China
Quercetin is a natural compound found in various plants, fruits, and vegetables. It is a type of flavonoid with antioxidant properties. Quercetin is commonly used as a laboratory reagent for research purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Rutin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (33 mentions)
Kaempferol, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (25 mentions)
Luteolin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (18 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (16 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (16 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (12 mentions)
Apigenin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (11 mentions)
Isoquercitrin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (11 mentions)
Catechin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (8 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (7 mentions)
Taxifolin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (7 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Isorhamnetin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (6 mentions)
Protocatechuic acid, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (6 mentions)
Hyperoside, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (5 mentions)
Luteolin 7 o glucoside, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (5 mentions)
Eriodictyol, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (5 mentions)
Formic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
Methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
Quercitrin, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (5 mentions)
64 protocols using quercetin
1
Characterization of Red Raspberry Bioactives
2
Phytochemical Analysis of Cornus chinensis
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HPLC-grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ, USA). Formic acid was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was purchased from Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd. (Hangzhou, China). Except for quercetin, gallic acid and kaempferol were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), the rest of the standard (myricitrin, quercitrin, myricetin, astragalin, methyl gallate, (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), ellagic acid, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and luteolin) were purchased from Chengdu Ruifensi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). The purity of all standards was more than 98%. Unless otherwise specified, all the other reagents used in the experiment were of analytical grade.
Nine batches of C. chinensis fruits were collected from different phytomorph (clustered and lush, clustered but sparse, solitary) and areas (Wuchang, Hanyang, and Hankou) in July 2019. Samples (Wuchang-clustered-lush, Wuchang-clustered-sparse, Wuchang-clustered-sparse, Hanyang-clustered-lush, Hanyang-solitary, Hanyang-solitary, Hankou-clustered-lush, Hankou-clustered-lush, and Hankou-clustered-lush) were labeled numbers 1–9 in succession. Then they were dried at 60 °C in an oven, crushed into powders, and finally stored at −20 °C until further use.
Nine batches of C. chinensis fruits were collected from different phytomorph (clustered and lush, clustered but sparse, solitary) and areas (Wuchang, Hanyang, and Hankou) in July 2019. Samples (Wuchang-clustered-lush, Wuchang-clustered-sparse, Wuchang-clustered-sparse, Hanyang-clustered-lush, Hanyang-solitary, Hanyang-solitary, Hankou-clustered-lush, Hankou-clustered-lush, and Hankou-clustered-lush) were labeled numbers 1–9 in succession. Then they were dried at 60 °C in an oven, crushed into powders, and finally stored at −20 °C until further use.
3
Soybean Fermentation with R. oligosporus
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The high purity (≥97%) standards, including ascorbic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, epicatechin, daidzin, glycitin, ferulic acid, genistin, daidzein, glycitein, quercetin, and genistein were purchased from Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Other reagents of analytical grade. Soybeans (Liaodou, yellow seed coat, mainly planted in northern China, weigh 21.6 g of one hundred seeds) were obtained from a local market. R. oligosporus RT-3 isolated, screened and identified from Tempeh in our laboratory was used for soybean fermentation (11 (link), 12 ). The strain was cultivated on potato dextrose agar at 30°C for 3 days. Then, spores produced were scraped in water (1 × 107 spores/mL).
4
Sea Buckthorn Phytochemical Analysis
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The fresh fruits of sea buckthorn used in this experiment were provided and identified by Qinghai Nationalities University. They were stored in the −18 °C freezer until use.
Reference substances of rutin (purity ≥ 98%), quercetin (purity ≥ 98%), isorhamnetin (purity ≥ 98%) were purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was produced by Barnstead TII super Pure Water System (MA, USA). D101 macroporous resin was purchased from Tianjin Bohong Resin Technology Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). All other analytical grade chemicals used in this experiment were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
High-fat feed was purchased from SPF (Beijing, China) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). All detection kits (total cholesterol test kit, triglyceride detection kit, protein carbonyl detection kit, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol detection kit, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol detection kit, aspartate aminotransferase detection kit, alanine transaminase detection kit and Bradford protein detection kit) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China).
Reference substances of rutin (purity ≥ 98%), quercetin (purity ≥ 98%), isorhamnetin (purity ≥ 98%) were purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was produced by Barnstead TII super Pure Water System (MA, USA). D101 macroporous resin was purchased from Tianjin Bohong Resin Technology Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). All other analytical grade chemicals used in this experiment were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
High-fat feed was purchased from SPF (Beijing, China) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). All detection kits (total cholesterol test kit, triglyceride detection kit, protein carbonyl detection kit, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol detection kit, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol detection kit, aspartate aminotransferase detection kit, alanine transaminase detection kit and Bradford protein detection kit) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China).
5
Profiling Natural Products Bioaffinity
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A mixture of natural products [0.01 mg galantamine, 0.01 mg jatrorrhizine, 0.03 mg galuteolin, 0.02 mg quercetin, 0.06 mg luteolin, and 0.03 mg isorhamnetin (Shanghai Yuanye biotechnology co.) in 1 mL storage buffer which contains 5% DMSO (Aladdin Chemistry), M-S0] was added to the above freshly prepared NA-MB, and the mixture was gently mixed for 3 h at room temperature by a rotating mixer. The supernatant (M-S1) was separated by magnetic separator. The beads were washed 4 times with storage buffer (1 mL), and each time mixed at room temperature for 8 min on a rotary mixer, the supernatant of each wash was M-S2–M-S5. In the extraction step, 50% methanol (MeOH) was first added to the beads, followed by extraction with methanol to obtain supernatants M-S6–M-S9. 500 μL of M-S0–M-S9 were filtered and analyzed by HPLC. HPLC separations were carried out using a Waters Symmetry C18 column (5 μm, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, Waters Corporation) with a 45 min linear gradient from 10% to 100% methanol containing 0.1% formic acid. UV detector was set at 280 nm.
6
Comprehensive Chemical Profiling of YGYSG
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The production of YGYSG was undertaken in The First Clinical Medical College at Anhui University of Chinese Medicine. A Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) was employed to acquire deionized water. For mass spectrometry analysis, formic acid of LC-MS grade was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Acetonitrile and methanol were LC-MS grade and obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Overall, 27 chemical standards, including chikusetsusaponin IVa, chikusetsusaponin IV, ginsenoside Ro, 25R-inokosterone, β-ecdysone, acacetin, cymaroside, quercetin, gallic acid, oleanolic acid, hyperoside, chlorogenic acid, astragalin, kaempferol, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA, rosmarinic acid, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, salvianolic acid B, astragaloside IV, formononetin-7-O-β-D-glycoside, calycosin, formononetin, scopoletin, ferulic acid, rutin, and narcissoside, were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and their purity levels exceeded 98% as determined through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Figure 2 displays the chemical configurations of each reference standard.
7
Antioxidant Compounds Characterization
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Rutin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside standards were obtained from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). HPLC grade trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methanol were obtained from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ascrobic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), and trolox were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Other chemicals used (analytical grade) were bought from Kemio Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).
8
Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Evaluation
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Na2CO3, Al(NO3)3, formic acid, NaNO2, HCl, ethanol, Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent, and Trolox were obtained from Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Works (Chengdu, China). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·, >99.7%), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS·+, >99.7%), and chromatographic-grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from American Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Standard compounds including (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, rutin, afzelin, astragaline, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol, quercetin, isoquercitrin, pinocembrin, pinocembrin 7-O-glucoside, thonningianin A, gallic acid, and pinocembrin 7-O-(3″-O-galloy-4″,6″-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-glucoside were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Alcohol dehydrogenase (265 units/mg) from saccharomyces cerevisiae was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA).
9
Phytochemical Profiling and Characterization
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Arctigenin (CAS: 7770-78-7, MW: 372.41, purity ≥98%), quercetin (CAS: 117-39-5, MW: 302.24, purity ≥97%), luteolin (CAS: 491-70-3, MW: 286.24, purity ≥98%), kaempferol (CAS: 520-18-3, MW: 286.24, purity ≥98%), rutin (CAS: 153-18-4, MW: 610.52, purity ≥98%), gallic acid (CAS: 149-91-7, MW: 170.12, purity ≥98%), and chlorogenic acid (CAS: 327-97-9, MW: 354.31, purity ≥98%) were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). A Waters Acquity UPLC coupled with a Xevo G2-XS Q-TOF quadrupole mass spectrometer was used (Waters Co., Milford, MA, United States).
10
Acquisition of Bioactive Compounds
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Quercetin, eriodictyol, eriocitrin, neoeriocitrin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, oroxylin A, baicalein 7-O-methyl ether, gallic acid, feruloyl-CoA, and scopoletin were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., LTD (Shanghai, China). Baicalein, isorhamnetin, and SAM were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Chrysoeriol and homoeriodictyol were purchased from BioBioPha (Kunming, China). 7,8-dihydroxyflavone and 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone were purchased from TCI (Shanghai, China). 8-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone was purchased from Biosynth (St. Gallen, Switzerland) and caffeic acid was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Esculetin was purchased from SinoStandards (Chengdu, China) and caffeoyl-CoA was purchased from ZZStandard (Shanghai). The chromatographic grade acetonitrile and methanol for HPLC were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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