Coverwell perfusion chamber gaskets

Four-arm PEG-Acrylate (4-arm PEG-Ac; 10 kDa) and PEG-dithiol (PEG-diSH; 3.4 kDa) were purchased from Laysan Bio Inc. (Arab, AL, USA). Acridine Orange, Alexa 647, Atto Rho 13, and triethanolamine (TEA) were obtained from Millipore Sigma (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Nanosilicate particles (Laponite XLG, abbreviated here as NS) were obtained from BYK Additives (Wesel, Germany). CoverWell perfusion chamber gaskets and silicone spacers were procured from Grace Bio-Labs (Bend, OR, USA).

The culture medium, other supplements for cell culture including CR macromolecules (catalog # 22048 for κ-CR and # C1013 for the κ/λ-CR mixture; Figure 1A), and chemical reagents for assays were from Sigma Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA), except where noted otherwise. The MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line was from ATCC^® (Catalog # CRL-1427^™; Manassas, VA, USA). Bovine serum was from Atlas Biological, Inc. (EquaFetal, Fort Collins, CO, USA). Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) washers (for 5/8” Screw Size with 0.64” ID, 1.062” OD, and 0.28” thickness) were from McMaster-Carr (Elmhurst, IL, USA). Sylgard 184 silicone elastomer was from Dow Corning Corporation (Midland, MI, USA). Fluorescent dye removal columns, Atto 655 NHS-ester, and the Quant-iT^TM PicoGreen^® dsDNA Reagent kit were from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). CoverWell perfusion chamber gaskets and silicon spacers were from Grace Bio-Labs (Bend, OR, USA).