Fei nova nanosem 230

The X-ray powder diffractograms (XRD) were recorded on a PANalytical X’Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK) equipped with Ni-filtered Cu Kα1 radiation (Kα1 = 1.54060 Å, V = 40 kV, I = 30 mA). FT-IR spectra were recorded using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS50 FT-IR spectrometer (Waltham, MA, USA) over the wavenumbers 4000–500 cm⁻¹ (spectral resolution was set to 4 cm⁻¹) The ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) spectra were recorded using Nicolet iS50 FT-IR (Thermo Scientific) spectrometer equipped with an Automated Beamsplitter exchange system (iS50 ABX containing DLaTGS KBr detector), built-in all reflective diamond ATR module (iS50 ATR), Thermo Scientific PolarisTM and HeNe laser as an IR radiation source. Spectral resolution was set to 4 cm⁻¹. The microstructure of obtained hydrogels and elemental analysis together with the mapping of elements were carried out using a scanning electron microscope FEI Nova NanoSEM 230 (FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDAX PegasusXM4,FEI Nova NanoSEM 230) and operating at an acceleration voltage in the range of 3.0–15.0 kV and spot 2.5–3.0 were observed.

X-ray diffraction measurements were performed by a PANalytical X’Pert Pro X-ray (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK) diffractometer equipped with Ni-filtered Cu Kα₁ radiation (Kα₁ = 1.54060 Å, U = 40 kV, I = 30 mA) in the 2θ range of 10–60° at room temperature. The surface morphology and the elements mapping were detected by an FEI Nova NanoSEM 230 (FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA) scanning electron microscopy equipped with an EDS spectrometer (EDAX GenesisXM4, FEI Nova NanoSEM 230).
Samples of the vascular prosthesis were disintegrated in microtome (1 mg), dried 1 h at 70 °C under reduced pressure. Then, they were mechanically blended with 300 mg of the KBr, and disks were prepared at the pressure of a hydraulic press of 8 atm. under reduced pressure. The disk was disintegrated, and 280 mg of powder was dried again at the conditions described above [15 ]. After that, the KBr-disk was composed again. FTIR spectra of investigated samples were recorded on an FTIR (Spectro-Lab, Warszawa, Poland) spectrometer. The spectra were recorded in the range of wavenumber of 4000–650 cm⁻¹, at the distribution of 4 cm⁻¹. The background of the spectra was subtracted based on the individual peaks and on the group of peaks, using either the computer software of the instrument or Peak Fit for Windows. The peak areas were calculated using Voight’s or Lorentz’s function.

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded using a spectrum 100 Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA). The FT-IR spectra of the samples were recorded in the range of the wavelength 280 to 4000 cm⁻¹ at 25 °C. A Mettler Toledo 1 HT (Columbus, OH, USA) was used for thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the samples. About 10–15 mg of each sample was used for the analysis. The samples were heated from 35 °C to 800 °C at the heating rate of 10 °C/min. The analysis was carried out at nitrogen flow rate of 20 mL/min. The weight loss temperature function graph was plotted. Shimadzu XRD-6000 X-ray diffractometer (Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine the interlaying spacing of the GO sheets before and after functionalization. Data were collected within the range of scattering angles (2θ) of 2° to 50° at the rate of 2°/min. Raman spectroscopy was used to evaluate the microstructure using Alpha300R Laser Raman spectrophotometer (WItec, Ulm, Germany). The Raman shift was recorded at 500–4000 cm⁻¹ wavelength region. The surface morphology was characterized by FE-SEM using FEI Nova NanoSEM 230 (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA).