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7 protocols using immpress anti mouse igg

1

Cellular-Level Autoradiography and Immunohistochemistry

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To obtain autoradiographic information at the cellular resolution level, frozen cryostat sections, adjacent to those used for phosphor screen autoradiography, were coated with a liquid photographic emulsion following our previously published protocol [5 (link), 9 (link), 22 (link), 34 (link)]. Immunohistochemistry was then performed on the nuclear emulsion-dipped sections. First the sections were washed for 5 min with PBS, then incubated with 2.5% normal horse blocking serum for 20 min, followed by the appropriate primary antibody - anti-tau PHF-1 (1:100, mouse, kind gift of Dr. Peter Davies), anti-Aβ (1:500, mouse, clone 6F/3D, Dako), anti α-synuclein (1:100, mouse, Zymed) or anti-phospho TDP-43 (pS409/410) (1:3000, mouse, Cosmo Bio CO) - for 40 min at 37 °C, washed with PBS twice for 2 min, and then incubated with the secondary antibody (ImmPRESS™ anti-mouse IgG (Vector Laboratories product MP-2400, Burlingame, CA) or ImmPRESS™ anti-rabbit Ig (Vector Laboratories product MP-7401, Burlingame, CA)) for 40 min at 37 °C. The sections were washed again with PBS twice for 2 min, and developed with DAB solution (Vector Laboratories product SK-4100). H&E was used for counterstaining. Photomicrographs were obtained on an upright Olympus BX51 (Olympus, Denmark) microscope using visible light.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of APP

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Four microm thick sections, which had been stored in 4% formaldehyde, were deparaffinized and rehydrated. The sections kept in citrate buffer, were heated in microwave for 15 min. The sections were then incubated with Formic acid 80% for 10 minutes, prior to blocking in a Peroxidase Block, 3% H2O2 for 10 minutes.
Following brief washes with Blocking buffer (5% goat serum, 5% BSA) for 30 minutes, the sections were incubated with Primary Antibody 6E10 (1:1000), a mouse monoclonal antibody, APP (Biolegend, MA, USA), and incubated over night at -4°C. The next day the slices were incubated with ImmPRESS (anti-mouse IgG, Vector Laboratories, CA, USA) for 30 minutes. For visualization DAB plus Peroxidase Substrate (Vector Laboratories, CA, USA) Kit were used.
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3

Quantification of Angiogenesis in Chorioallantoic Membrane

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After counting the number of blood vessels, CAMs were harvested, fixed, and embedded in paraffin for histological examination. As described previously [24 (link)], deparaffinized sections were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson’s trichrome staining.
Alternatively, the sections were antigen-retrieved and blocked with 2.5 % normal horse serum (Vector Labs, Burlingame, CA) and subsequently probed with a mouse monoclonal anti-α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) antibody (1:100) (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) overnight at 4 °C, followed by incubation in the ImmPRESS® anti-mouse IgG (Vector). Immunoreactive proteins were visualized by a DAB substrate solution (Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD).
The number of α-SMA+ vessel-like structure (shown by arrows) inside the CAM was determined using image analysis software (WinROOF, Mitani Corp., Fukui, Japan). In brief, after the contrast of the images was enhanced manually, the number of vessels was counted. The area of the CAM in the cross-sections was also evaluated. Then, the number of vessels was normalized by utilizing the ratio of the area to the number of vessels per unit square (mm2).
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4

TCID50 Assay for Virus Quantification

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Next, 6 × 103 cells/well were seeded into a 0.1% gelatin-coated 96-well plate. Cells were infected with 50 µL of six serial dilutions of virus-containing media, ranging from undiluted to 105 dilutions. Then, 72 h post infection, cells were fixed and permeabilized with 100% methanol for 30 min at −20 °C, washed with PBS followed by PBS-T, and blocked with 1% BSA and 0.2% skim milk in PBS-T. Afterwards, 3% hydrogen peroxide was added to block endogenous peroxidase activity. Cells were stained with anti-NS5A (1:25,000), ImmPRESS anti-mouse IgG (1:3000) (Vector Laboratories), and the 3,3’-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) substrate (1 drop/mL) (Invitrogen), respectively. NS5A-positive wells were counted and recorded using a light microscope. TCID50 was calculated with a Reed & Muench Calculator, as previously described [63 (link)].
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5

Immunohistochemistry for Neurodegenerative Markers

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To gain resolution at the cellular level, adjacent slides to those used in the phosphor screen autoradiography experiments, were dipped in a liquid photographic emulsion following our previously published protocols[1 (link), 29 (link), 31 (link)], followed by immunohistochemistry using the appropriate primary and secondary antibodies (primary antibodies used were: anti-tau PHF-1 (1:100, mouse, kind gift of Dr. Peter Davies), anti-Aβ (1:500, mouse, clone 6F/3D, Dako), anti α-synuclein (1:100, mouse, Zymed) and anti-phospho TDP-43 (pS409/410) (1:3000, mouse, Cosmo Bio CO); secondary antibodies used were ImmPRESS™ anti-mouse IgG (Vector Laboratories product MP-2400, Burlingame, CA) or ImmPRESS™ anti-rabbit Ig (Vector Laboratories product MP-7401, Burlingame, CA)) and developed with DAB solution (Vector Laboratories product SK-4100). H&E was used for counterstaining. Photomicrographs were obtained on an upright Olympus BX51 (Olympus, Denmark) microscope using visible light.
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6

Renal Immune Complex and Macrophage Assessment

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Renal immune complex deposition levels were observed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Following deparaffinization, rehydration, and antigen retrieval, the slides were blocked with 2.5% normal horse serum, washed, and incubated with ImmPRESS Anti-Mouse IgG (Vector MP-7802). Antibody binding was visualized by incubating slides in a DAB working solution (Vector MP-7802). The slides were imaged using an Olympus BX51 light Microscope (Tokyo, Japan). The staining levels (arbitrary gray units) of 30 glomeruli per slide were quantified using ImageJ (Version 1.52a, NIH, USA). A second series of slides, for illustration purposes only, were counterstained with hematoxylin and incubated in bluing reagent.
Renal macrophage infiltration levels were evaluated through immunofluorescence (IF). Kidney sections were blocked by 10% (v/v) goat serum, followed by incubation under rat anti-mouse F4/80 monoclonal antibody eFluor 570 (eBioscience; 41–4801-82;). Subsequently, coverslips were mounted with Prolong Antifade Mountant (Life Technologies, USA). The macrophage infiltration levels were assessed by counting positively stained macrophages from 50 glomeruli per slide under an Olympus BX51 Fluorescence Motorized Microscope.
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7

Renal Immune Complex and Macrophage Analysis

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The renal immune complex deposition was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). For IHC examination, deparaffinized kidney sections were steamed for 10 minutes in 10 mM sodium citrate buffer using a steamer. Sections were then brought to room temperature and rinsed in a washing buffer (PBS, 0.5% Tween 20). After antigen retrieval, samples were blocked with 2.5% normal goat serum and then stained with ImmPRESS anti-mouse IgG (Vector MP-7802). The staining was visualized using a DAB working solution (Vector MP-7802). The staining levels (arbitrary gray units) were quantified using ImageJ software (Version 1.52, NIH).
Renal macrophage infiltration was assessed by immunofluorescent staining (IF). Following deparaffinization and antigen retrieval, the sections were blocked and incubated with rat anti-mouse F4/80 antibody eFluor 570 (eBioscience, Inc.). Thirty glomeruli per slide were investigated to count positively stained macrophages using an Olympus BX51 Fluorescence Microscope (Tokyo, Japan).
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