Transmission electron microscopy (TEM; Talos F200S, Thermo Scientific, USA) was employed to determine the morphology and ultrastructure of HMS, PA@HMS, and E/PA@HMS. Scanning TEM equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to examine the mapping patterns of elements. The crystallinity was identified by selected area electron diffraction (SAED). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with small-angle and wide-angle patterns was performed using a PANalytical Empyrean diffractometer (the Netherlands). A Nicolet5700 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, USA) with Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted to detect typical functional groups. The pore size distribution and surface area calculated by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BET/BJH) methods were measured using an ASAP2020 analyzer (Micromeritics Corp., USA) with nitrogen adsorption–desorption. A Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, UK) was used to monitor the size distribution and zeta potential. The loading efficiency was inspected using a STA449F3 thermogravimetric analyzer (NETZSCH, Germany) under an N2 environment at a heating rate of 10 °C/min by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG).
Zetasizer nano zsp system
Manufactured by Malvern Panalytical
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Zetasizer Nano ZSP system is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument designed for the measurement of particle size, zeta potential, and molecular weight. The system utilizes a He-Ne laser and a photon correlator to determine the size and charge characteristics of particles and molecules in suspension or solution.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Tecnai g20, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Talos f200, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Nicolet 5700 spectrophotometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sta 449f3 thermogravimetric analyzer, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
Jem f200, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Tg 209 f3 tarsus, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
Smartlab 9 kw, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
E2695 hplc system, by Waters Corporation (1 mentions)
E2695 hplc, by Waters Corporation (1 mentions)
11 protocols using zetasizer nano zsp system
1
Characterization of Hybrid Nanomaterials
2
Physicochemical Characterization of NISV Formulations
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The average particle size, PDI and zeta (ζ) potential (ZP) of the surface charge of NISV formulations were determined using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, UK). The measurements were carried out for empty NISV and Mel-loaded NISV formulations in aqueous medium at a 1/10 dilution. Each sample was measured based on at least three measurements in three individual runs.
3
Comprehensive Characterization of Quercetin-Loaded Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
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The morphologies of the HMSNs and Q@HMSNs were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM; JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan). Scanning TEM equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was employed to examine the mapping patterns of elements. The crystalline phase was determined by applying X-ray diffraction (XRD; Smartlab 9KW, Rigaku, Japan). Small-angle and wide-angle XRD patterns were scanned from 0.5° to 10° and 10°–70°, respectively, and recorded in the 2θ range with a scanning speed of 1°/min. The functional groups in the sample were detected by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (iN10, Thermo Scientific, United States of America). The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm was studied by an ASAP 2460M gas adsorption analyser (Micromeritics, United States of America) at 77 K. The pore size distribution, pore volume and surface area were calculated by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BET/BJH) methods. A Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (ZS90, Malvern Instruments, United Kingdom) was used to determine the size distribution. The effective amount of quercetin loaded into the HMSNs was determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA; TG 209 F3 Tarsus, NETZSCH, Germany) from 30°C to 1,000°C with a heating speed of 15°C/min.
4
Preparation and Characterization of F127-SS-TOC Micelles
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F127-SS-TOC micelles were prepared by self-assembly using the solvent evaporation method.24 (link) 15 mg F127-SS-TOC polymer was completely dissolved in 1 mL methanol and added dropwise into distilled water and stirred well for 6 h at room temperature. The residual organic solvent was then removed by vacuum evaporation. The final F127-SS-TOC micelles were obtained by filtering with 0.45 μm microfiltration membrane and preserved at 4°C for use.
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was employed to measure the average particle size and zeta potential of F127-SS-TOC micelles at room temperature with a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Micelle morphology was observed and photographed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Tecnai G20, FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). A droplet of micelle sample was placed on the carbon-coated copper grid, followed by staining with phosphotungstic acid solution (2%, w/v). TEM images of the micelles were taken under 200 kV.
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was employed to measure the average particle size and zeta potential of F127-SS-TOC micelles at room temperature with a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Micelle morphology was observed and photographed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Tecnai G20, FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). A droplet of micelle sample was placed on the carbon-coated copper grid, followed by staining with phosphotungstic acid solution (2%, w/v). TEM images of the micelles were taken under 200 kV.
5
Particle Size Analysis of Co-milled CXB
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The mean particle size (Z-average) distributions of co-milled CXB composition and PM were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique using a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at room temperature. The required powder amount to equivalent 30 mg CXB was weighed and added to 10 mL purified water containing 0.1% (w/v) polysorbate 80. This suspension was homogenized by ultrasonic homogenizers (Sonopuls, Bandelin, Berlin Germany) for 3 min. Folded capillary zeta cell (DTS1070) was used for particle size measurement. Each sample was measured in triplicate.
6
Hydrodynamic Diameter Analysis of KL Particles
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A dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique was used to quantifying diameter hydrodynamic (DH) of the KL particles. The KL samples were diluted as 1/10 in MiliQ water. Followed by mean DH in the KL samples were analyzed using a Zetasizer Nano-ZSP system (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, United Kingdom).
7
Characterization of CLX-NC Nanoparticles
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The mean particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of CLX-NC were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique using a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Zeta potential value was measured by laser doppler micro-electrophoresis technique using the same instrument. CLX-NC was re-dispersed with deionized water to form nanosuspension and further diluted to achieve a suitable concentration for analysis. Each sample was measured in triplicate.
8
Biophysical Characterization of Bacterial Esterase
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DLS experiments were conducted at 30°C using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZSP system. Translational diffusion coefficients (TDC) were obtained via measurements of the decay rates of scattered light and the autocorrelation curves. The hydrodynamic radius (HR) of the BaEstB population was calculated from TDC on basis of the Stokes‐Einstein equation assuming a spherical geometry of the molecules. Samples were centrifuged at 12,000g for 5 min before the measurements. Two set of experiments, (1) BaEstB without substrate and (2) BaEstB in presence of substrate (2‐naphthyl acetate) were addressed; performing 12 scans for 10 s in both cases. DLS analysis of BaEstB with 2‐naphthyl acetate was performed under the same conditions mentioned above considering its optimum pH and temperature. The data set replicates were analyzed using the DTS 5.10 software. Additionally, unfolding assays by temperature were performed in a range between 10 and 70°C. All measurements were performed in triplicate.
9
Measuring Protein Mobility via Electrophoretic Light Scattering
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Protein mobility
was measured by ELS using a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Panalytical,
Westborough MA) at protein concentrations of 25 mg/mL for NISTmAb
and its cleavage fragments. Prior to ELS measurements, samples were
centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min and double filtered through 0.02
μm Anotop filters (Fisher Scientific). ELS measurements were
collected at 25 °C in a disposable capillary cell, using the
diffusion barrier technique, with 30 μL sample injections. All
measurements were collected in triplicate using the protein mobility
measurement mode within the Zetasizer software, with the applied voltage
and number of subruns set to auto-optimize. The electrophoretic mobility
(μE) was converted to effective charge (Zeff) viaeq 6 : where e is electronic charge,
η is the sample viscosity, and σ is the protein diameter.
was measured by ELS using a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Panalytical,
Westborough MA) at protein concentrations of 25 mg/mL for NISTmAb
and its cleavage fragments. Prior to ELS measurements, samples were
centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min and double filtered through 0.02
μm Anotop filters (Fisher Scientific). ELS measurements were
collected at 25 °C in a disposable capillary cell, using the
diffusion barrier technique, with 30 μL sample injections. All
measurements were collected in triplicate using the protein mobility
measurement mode within the Zetasizer software, with the applied voltage
and number of subruns set to auto-optimize. The electrophoretic mobility
(μE) was converted to effective charge (Zeff) via
η is the sample viscosity, and σ is the protein diameter.
10
Characterization of F68-VES/MIT Micelles
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The average particle size and zeta potential of F68–VES/MIT micelles were measured by DLS with a Zetasizer Nano ZSP system (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Each sample was evenly dispersed and measured three times at 25°C. The morphology of F68–VES/MIT micelles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM; Tecnai G20; FEI Company, OR, USA) with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. The DL and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of MIT in the drug-loaded micelles were measured by Waters e2695 HPLC system equipped with a C18 reverse-phase liquid chromatography column (250×4.6 mm). The mobile phase was methanol/0.25% acetic acid (50/50, v/v). The flow velocity was 1.0 mL/min at the maximum absorption wavelength of 670 nm. The polymeric shells were disrupted by adding methanol before HPLC analysis and the EE (%) and DL (%) of MIT in the micelles were calculated by using the following equations:
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