Gray scale images (132, 11 different individuals, four different emotions, three contrast levels) were used. Images were cropped in an oval window. Contrast was adjusted to 2, 8 and 57% root-mean-square contrast within the window. All images were presented centrally on a Phillips CRT monitor located 114 cm in front of participants. Major and minor axes of stimuli subtended 5 × 7 degrees of visual angle. A flower stimulus, enclosed in the same oval window as the faces, served as the target stimulus of the behavioral task. Only responses to faces of the highest contrast were analyzed for the present article.
Crt monitor
Manufactured by Philips
The CRT monitor is a display device that uses a cathode-ray tube to produce images. It functions by generating a beam of electrons that is directed towards a phosphor-coated screen, causing the screen to emit light and create the desired image.
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Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using crt monitor
1
Facial Expression Processing Under Varying Contrast
2
Facial Expressions and Contrast Perception
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Stimuli consisted of faces depicting fearful, happy, sad or neutral expressions from 11 different individuals extracted from the Ekman and Friesen database [64] . An oval mask was placed around the facial image to reduce cues such as gender or age. The contrast value of each face was altered to 2, 8, and 57% root-mean-square contrast using the gray levels within the oval aperture. Stimuli were presented centrally on a Phillips CRT monitor located 114 cm from participants with the mean luminance held constant. In Fourier space, the mean luminance is the zero spatial frequency. By setting that particular point equal across all images, it has the effect of setting mean luminance to the same level. Major and minor axes of stimuli subtended 5°×7° of visual angle. A flower stimulus enclosed in the same sized oval as the facial images served as the target stimulus and was presented at 57% contrast with the same mean luminance as the facial images.
3
Standardized Visual Stimulus Presentation
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Visual stimuli were presented on a 17-inch Philips CRT monitor (refresh rate 85 Hz, spatial resolution 1024 × 768 pixels; comparison between CRT and LCD monitor can be found in Zhang et al., 2018) . The monitor was controlled by an iMac Intel Core i3 computer running Matlab R2010a (Mathworks, MA, USA) via Psychophysics Toolbox (Brainard, 1997; Pelli, 1997) . The experiment was conducted in a dimly lit room. During the experiment, participants rested their heads on a chin rest 75 cm in front of the monitor. Each pixel subtended 0.024 ° on the screen.
4
Visual Stimuli Presentation and Calibration
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Visual stimuli were presented on to a 17-in. Philips CRT monitor (refresh rate 85 Hz, spatial resolution 1024 3 768 pixels). The monitor was controlled by an iMac Intel Core i3 computer running Matlab R2010a (Mathworks, Natick, MA) via Psychophysics Toolbox extensions (Brainard, 1997; Pelli, 1997) . Subjects were seated in the dimly lit room with their heads rested on the chin rest placed at a distance of 75 cm in front of the monitor. Each pixel subtended 0.0248 on the screen.
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