Eye movements of the right eye were recorded by infrared pupil identification with the EyeLinkII eye tracker (SR Research Ltd., Osgoode, ON). The left eye, which was not recorded, was patched to ensure that their pointing was based on vision from the recorded eye (Cf., [14] (link), [23] (link), [24] (link)). The three-dimensional position of the head, upper arm, and fingertip were recorded using the OPTOTRAK Certus (Northern Digital Inc., Waterloo, ON) 3D motion capture system. All calibrations and measurement parameters (of both systems), and IRED placements were identical to those from our previous experiments [14] (link). Recordings from the EyeLinkII and the OPTOTRAK were simultaneously controlled by The MotionMonitor (Innovative Sports Training, Chicago, IL), ensuring a common temporal and spatial reference between the two data sets.
Optotrak certus
Manufactured by Northern Digital
Sourced in Canada
The Optotrak Certus is a motion capture system designed for precision tracking of 3D movements. It utilizes infrared technology to capture the position and orientation of markers attached to an object or person. The system provides real-time data on the position and orientation of the tracked markers, enabling accurate measurement and analysis of motion.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
First principle, by Northern Digital (3 mentions)
Matlab, by MathWorks (2 mentions)
Smart marker, by Northern Digital (2 mentions)
Eyelink 2 eyetracker, by SR Research (1 mentions)
First principles software, by Northern Digital (1 mentions)
Micropore surgical tape, by 3M (1 mentions)
Pci 6024e, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Labview, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Model de2, by Delsys (1 mentions)
Adxl335, by Analog Devices (1 mentions)
Usb 6343, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Smooth cast 300, by Smooth-On (1 mentions)
39 protocols using optotrak certus
1
Simultaneous Eye and Motion Tracking
2
Kinematic Analysis of Gait Biomechanics
3
Breast Motion Analysis during Treadmill Running
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Vertical breast displacement (VBD; cm) relative to the torso was measured using an Optotrak Certus® motion capture system (200 Hz, Northern Digital, Ontario, Canada) during dynamic treadmill running to determine whether breast motion was consistent among the different strap conditions. Two infrared-emitting diodes (2 mm diameter) were placed on each nipple using double-sided toupee tape (Creative Hair Products, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia), which was placed over micropore surgical tape (3M™ Australia, NSW). A third diode was placed on the sternal notch as a reference point to characterise trunk motion in the vertical plane. Three-dimensional motion of the three markers was recorded during each running trial for six 10-s periods using First Principles software (Version 1.2.2, Northern Digital Inc., Ontario, Canada). The average VBD (minimum from maximum during dynamic treadmill running) relative to the trunk was calculated from a representative 8-s epoch (equivalent to 15 to 20 consecutive breast cycles) for each of the six 10-s data recordings per condition.
4
Kinematic Analysis of Gait Biomechanics
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Kinematic data were collected at 100 Hz using Optotrak Certus motion capture hardware (Northern Digital, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada). Infared-emitting active markers were placed bilaterally over the tow (5th metatarsal head), ankle (lateral malleolus), knee (lateral femoral epicondyle), hip (greater trochanter), pelvis (iliac crest), and shoulder (acromion process). All participants remained on the treadmill throughout the duration of the testing sessions and wore comfortable walking shoes and form-fitting clothing to reduce marker movement artifact.
5
Marker-Based 3D Motion Capture for STS Analysis
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To capture the STS movement, 3-dimensional marker-based optical motion capture system which considered as the standard method of movement analysis [14 (link)] was used. A total of 11 active infrared emitting diodes were attached to each main joint as stated in the Halen-Hays marker set. A total of 3 force plates (Bertec Co. Ltd., USA) were used to calculate the ground reaction force during the STS movement. A total of three position sensors (Optotrak Certus, Northern Digital Inc., Canada) were used to obtain the infrared light from the markers. The First Principle software (Northern Digital Inc., Canada) was capture marker data and COP values during the STS movement. Figures 1 , 2 and 3 represent COP time-trajectory in anterior-posterior (AP) direction, ML direction and combined AP-ML direction, respectively.
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COP time-trajectory in anterior-posterior direction. Positive value indicates anterior direction. Negative value indicates posterior direction
COP time-trajectory in medio-lateral direction. Positive value indicates left direction. Negative value indicates right direction.
COP time-trajectory in all direction. Positive Y axis indicates left direction. Negative Y axis indicates right direction. Positive X axis indicates anterior direction
6
3D Visual Perception and Finger Movements
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Participants sat in a dimly lit room with their chin resting on a chin-rest. Their eyes were 500 mm away from the monitor screen and aligned both vertically and horizontally with the center of the screen. The stimuli were presented by using a 3D LCD monitor (Zalman 3D, 22 inches, 1680 × 1050 pixels, 75 HZ), which was viewed through a polarized stereoscopic 3D spectacles (passive glasses with no receivers and no batteries). The positions of a participant's index finger wearing a marker (Infrared-emitting Diode) were recorded by the Optotrak Certus motion capture system (Northern Digital, Waterloo, ON, Canada) with a temporal frequency of 200 Hz. The coordinate system of the recorded data was adjusted in a 3D space (The X axis indicated the horizontal direction. The Y axis indicated the upward height-direction from the start position and Z axis was the depth axis), as shown in Figure 1A . The distance from the screen to an observer's eye was 500 mm and the distance from the screen to the start position (SP) of the index finger was 370 mm (i.e., the SP was 130 mm in front of the observer's eyes).
7
Gait Analysis using Motion Capture
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Participants’ gait was recorded using software for capturing human motion (First Principle, Northern Digital Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada) and motion sensors (Optotrak Certus, Northern Digital Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada), which captured the position of 17 lower-limb markers. The gait parameters of the participants were obtained as an ensemble average of 3 trials of level walking across a walkway (10 m in length) and were processed using Software for Interactive Musculoskeletal Modeling (SIMM, Motion Analysis Corp., Rohnert Park, CA, USA). Spatiotemporal variables and subdivisions of the gait cycle were used to represent the gait function.
8
Upper Limb Kinematics Measurement
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Trunk and arm movements were recorded from 24 infraredemitting markers for 5 seconds (120 Hz) after the GO signal with a 2-camera bar Optotrak Certus motion analysis system (Northern Digital, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada). Rigid bodies consisting of groups of 3 to 6 non-coaxial markers were placed on the dorsal hand, mid-forearm, mid-upper arm, and sternal notch. Six individual markers were also placed on the sternal angle, acromia, lateral epicondyle, mid-dorsal wrist crease (endpoint), and third fingertip.
9
Paraspinal Muscle Activity and Spine Kinematics
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Four sEMG electrodes (Model DE2.1, Delsys Inc., Boston, MA, USA) with a common mode rejection ratio of 92 dB at 60 Hz and an input impedance of 1015 Ω were used to record the paraspinal muscles activity. Following fiber muscle orientation, electrodes were applied over the thoracic spine erector spinae muscles on each side of the spine at approximately 2 cm of T6 and T8 spinal processes [16 (link)]. For each participant, the left acromion was chosen for the reference electrode. For each electrode location, the skin was gently shaved, then gently abraded with fine-grade sandpaper and finally wiped with alcohol swabs. Data were sampled at 1,000 Hz with a 12-bit A/D converter (PCI 6024E, National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA), collected by LabView (National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA) and processed by Matlab (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). A motion analysis system (Optotrak Certus; Northern Digital, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada) was used to perform the kinematic data acquisition at 100 Hz. Kinematic markers were placed on T6, T7 and T8 spinous processes.
10
Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis Landmarks
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Eleven segmental landmarks of the subject’s body were tracked at 50 Hz by the optoelectric motion capture system (Optotrak Certus, Northern Digital Inc., Waterloo, Canada) for the three-dimensional gait analysis. Those segmental landmarks were defined by the modified Helen Hayes marker set as follows16 (link): mid-point of right and left posterior-superior-iliac-spine, bilateral anterior-superior-iliac-spine, right greater trochanter, right lateral femoral condyle, right medial femoral condyle, right fibular head, right lateral malleolus, right medial malleolus, right heel, and right second metatarsal head.
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